Infinite dilution activity coefficient measurements of organic solutes in fluorinated ionic liquids by gas-liquid chromatography and the inert gas stripping method

• ABSTRACT
  
• CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
  
• CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
  
  • 2.1. Ionic liquids
    
    • 2.1.3. Properties of ionic liquids
      
    • 2.1.4. Potential applications of ionic liquids in the chemical industry
      
    • 2.1.6. Use of ionic liquids as solvents in separation processes 2.1.6.1. Ionic liquids versus molecular solvents
      
  • 2.2. Infinite dilution activity coefficients
    
    • 2.3.2. The number of cells required for IDAC measurements
      
    • 2.3.4.5. Richon et al. (1985)
      
    • 2.3.4.9. Dobryakov et al. (2008)
      
• CHAPTER THREE: THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS
  
  • 3.1. Gas liquid chromatography
    
  • 3.2. Inert gas stripping method
    
• CHAPTER FOUR: EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS AND
  PROCEDURE
  
  • 4.1. Limiting activity coefficient measurements by gas liquid chromatography
    
    • 4.1.1. Chemicals
      
    • 4.1.2. Experimental set up
      
    • 4.1.3. Experimental procedure
      
  • 4.2. The inert gas stripping technique
    
    • 4.2.1. Chemicals
      
    • 4.2.2.4. Cold trap
      
    • 4.2.3. Experimental procedure
      
• CHAPTER FIVE: RESULTS
  
  • 5.1. Results from Gas-Liquid Chromatography
    
    • 5.1.1. Hexadecane
      
    • 5.1.3. Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate, [3C6C14P] [BF4]
      
    • 5.1.6. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluoroantimonate, [BMIM] [SbF6]
      
    • 5.1.7.1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate, [EMIM] [TfO]
      
    • 5.1.8. 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [MOIM][PF6]
      
    • 5.2.2. Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide
      
• CHAPTER SIX: DISCUSSION
  
  • 6.1.3. Error estimation
    
  • 6.2.1. Hierarchy of IDACs values
    
  • 6.2.2.1. Infinite dilution activity coefficients in imidazolium-based FILs
    
  • 6.2.2.4. Infinite dilution activity coefficients in pyrrolidinium-based FILs
    
  • 6.3.1. n-Hexane (1)/Benzene (2) separation problem
    
  • 6.3.1.2. Phosphonium-based fluorinated ionic liquids
    
  • 6.3.6. Ethanol (1)/ butan-2-one (2) separation problem
    
• CHAPTER SEVEN: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  
• REFERENCES
  
• APPENDIX A: SOURCES OF IDACs LITERATURE DATA
  
• APPENDIX B: STRUCTURE OF IONIC LIQUIDS
  
• APPENDIX C: ORIGIN AND PURITY OF CHEMICALS
  
• APPENDIX G: EFFECT OF STRUCTURE ON IDAC VALUES