Etude épidémiologique, clinique et thérapeutique de la fièvre typhoà¯de en ville de Goma

ABSTRACT

Our work focused on the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of typhoid fever in the city of Goma, "cases observed at MUUNGANO LA RESURECTION hospital from January 1 to December 31, 2018.

This work has had as specific objectives to study the frequency of typhoid fever; the reasons for consultations; management in case of typhoid fever and the evolution of patients with typhoid fever.

To achieve this, we conducted a descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study based on the literature review and statistic method of 65 cases.

We have found thatthe frequency of the FT at the CHMR was 17.52% in the services of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine compared to other pathologies; it affected more the female than the masculine one (64,62% against 35,38%), affects more the young subject of age between 16-25 years with 29,23%, the patients come more from NGANGI III (24, 62% of cases); patients came with complaints fever associated with other symptoms such as headache 32.31%, diarrhea 20%, ..., FT is often associated with malaria (73,85% of cases), as a review, it was mostly Widal-GE-Coproculture 66.15%; patients receiving either Ciprofloxacin, Metronidazole, Paracetamol (66.15%), or Ceftriaxone, Paracetamol, Vitamin B6, Artesunate (26.15%) ; patients were generally between 0- 3 days of hospitalization (76.92%) and were healed from the hospital (95.38%).

In conclusion, the FT is a common pathology, however it can be prevented by a respect of the rules of hygiene and a sanitation of the environment.

Keywords: Epidemiology, Clinical, Therapeutics, Fever, Typhoid fever

TABLE DES MATIERES

DEDICACES i

REMERCIEMENTS ii

SIGLES ET ABREVIATIONS iii

RESUME DU TRAVAIL iv

ABSTRACT v

TABLE DES MATIERES vi

CHAPITRE I : INTRODUCTION 1

1.1. EPIDEMIOLOGIE 1

1.2. QUESTIONS DE RECHERCHE 4

1.3. OBJECTIFS DU TRAVAIL 4

1.4. CHOIX ET INTERET DU SUJET 5

CHAPITRE II : GENERALITES SUR LA FIEVRE TYPHOIDE 7

2.1. DEFINITION DE QUELQUES CONCEPTS 7

2.2. ETIOLOGIE ET FACTEURS FAVORISANTS 7

2.3. MODE DE CONTAMINATION 8

2.4. PHYSIOPATHOLOGIE 9

2.5. MANIFESTATIONS CLINIQUES 10

2.6. DIAGNOSTIC 12

2.7. TRAITEMENT 13

2.8. COMPLICATIONS 15

CHAPITRE III : MATERIEL ET METHODES 17

3.1. CADRE D'ETUDE 17

3.2. TYPE ET PERIODE D'ETUDE 23

3.3. POPULATION D'ETUDE 23

3.4. ECHANTILLONNAGE ET TAILLE DE L'ECHANTILLON 23

3.5. CRITERES DE SELECTION 23

3.6. TECHNIQUES ET METHODES DE COLLECTE DES DONNEES 24

3.7. VARIABLES D'ETUDE 24

3.8. ANALYSE ET TRAIMENT DES DONNEES 24

CHAPITRE IV : RESULTATS 25

4.1. FREQUENCE DE LA FT 25

4.2. ASPECTS EPIDEMIOLOGIQUES 25

4.3. ASPECTS DIAGNOSCTICS 27

4.4. ASPECTS THERAPEUTIQUES 28

4.5. ASPECTS EVOLUTIFS 29

CHAPITRE V : DISCUSSION 30

5.1. FREQUENCE DE LA FT 30

5.2. ASPECTS EPIDEMIOLOGIQUES 30

5.3. ASPECTS DIAGNOSCTICS 31

5.4. ASPECTS THERAPEUTIQUES 31

5.5. ASPECTS EVOLUTIFS 32

CHAPITRE SIXIEME : CONCLUSIONS ET RECOMMANDATIONS 33

6.1. CONCLUSIONS 33

6.2. RECOMMANDATIONS 34

REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES 35