Impact of the type of the cross sectional profile on urban zones road

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Dendritic structure in a surface. 3

Figure 2: A pneumatic sensor for automatic counting Source: Cours de route 2006 Université d'Orleans I.U.T de Bourges 25

Figure3: A radar 26

Figure 4: Sequence of the two models at the time of the study 30

Figure 5: Modeling of the zone of study 33

Figure 6: Schematization of a system of circulation 34

Figure 7: Repartition of the highway network system of the town of Yaoundé 38

Figure 8: Total traffic on the roadway network system structuring town of Yaoundé 46

Figure 9: Routes on which run times were measured 49

Figure 10: Theoretical curve of the relation between the flow and speed on a way 51

Figure 11: Reorganization of the offer of public transport with anUrban Transport System of Mass 52

Figure12: Example of a multiplicity of small islands and useless use of a STOP 59

Figure 13: Modeling of national roads forwarding in the city 63

Figure 14: Modeling of fast tracks 63

Figure 15: Modeling of the different types of way for the secondary roadway system 64

Figure 16: Modeling of a way of the tertiary roadway system 65

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: listing of the districts constituting the zone of study 3

Table 2: Indicators of roadway cover of Yaoundé 36

Table 3: Hierarchisation of the highway network system of the GIS of the town of Yaoundé 37

Table 4: Distribution of the traffics in the town of Yaoundé 40

Table 5: State of the road in the town of Yaoundé according to the GIS of the YUC 41

Table 6: State of the priority ways of Yaoundé in 2006 42

Table 7: Numbers of ways by direction in the streets of the town of Yaoundé 43

Table 8: Distribution of the principal traffic motivations in the town of Yaoundé 44

Table 9: Listing of the routes 50

Table 10: Results of the investigation of running times (in minutes) (Cars) 50

Table 11: Results of the investigation of running times (in minutes) (Motor bikes) 51

Table 12: Numbers of road accidents in urban areas for the year 2007 54

Table 13: Average road accidents per day recorded during the year 2008 in the center region 54

ABBREVIATIONS

DSCE: Document de Stratégie pour la Croissance et l'Emploi

GIS: Geographic Information System

MAETUR: Mission d'Aménagement des Territoires Urbains et Ruraux

MINDUH: Ministère du Développement Urbain et de l'Habitat

MINTP: Ministère des Travaux Publics

PDU: Plan de Déplacements Urbain

PDUY 2020: Plan Directeur d'Urbanisme de de la ville de Yaoundé horizon 2020

PSU: Plan Sommaire d'Urbanisme

RGPH: Recensement Général de la Population et de l'Habitat

TOR: Terms of References

UTSM: Urban Transport System of Mass

YCC: Yaoundé City Council

GENERALINTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The roadway system is the whole of the road transportation routes serving a given space. Thus, when one speaks about urban roadway system, we refer to the whole of the highway network of the aforesaid urban space.

The roadway system in urban environment is characterized by the multiplicity of the forms thatit can cover. According to the importance of its influence, its localization within the urban space, it knows an active range of situations from the smallest access road of the residential district to the expressway leading to the downtown area.

Since many years already, the principle of hierarchisation of the road transportation routes in urban environment aims at specifying the functions of the ways with respect to their places in the transport system. Thus, we distinguish from there ways of transit, local distributers and access roads. This mono technical functional approach must be supplemented by an approach relating to the interaction between the road and the environment crossed.

The diversity of the forms of roadway systems represents the process of appropriation of the roadway system by the various functions which it fills. Thus, because the street service road knows a weak traffic, its space can be largely occupied by the parking of the vehicles of the residents. Its installation will have to thus emphasize this aspect of its use while on the way of transit on which circulation is dominating; we will tend to reduce to their smaller expression installations such the pavements or the plantations in order to allot the maximum of possible space to circulation.