Addressing climate change through environmental assessment tools in planning processes: international practices and perspectives for Niger

• ABSTRACT
  
  • 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background
    
  • 1.2. Problem Statement
    
  • 1.3. Objectives
    
  • 1.4. Approach
    
  • 2. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT TOOLS IN PLANNING PROCESSES
    
  • 2.1. Description of Relevant Concepts 2.1.1. Climate Change
    
  • 2.1.2. Environmental Assessment
    
  • 2.1.3. Public Participation/ Public Involvement
    
  • 2.2. Relevance of Mainstreaming Climate Change in Environmental Assessment Procedures
    
  • 2.2.1. Climate Change in Strategic Environmental Assessment
    
  • 2.2.2. Climate Change in Environmental Impact Assessment
    
  • 3. INTEGRATION OF CIMATE CHANGE ISSUES IN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS TOOLS IN NIGER AND EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES
    
  • 3.1. Assessment of Niger Legislation on Environment Impact Assessment 3.1.1. History of Environmental Assessment (EA) Procedure in Niger
    
  • 3.1.2. EIA Procedure in Niger
    
  • 3.1.2.1. Project Notification
    
  • 3.1.2.2. Screening
    
  • 3.1.2.3. Scoping
    
  • 3.1.2.4. Realisation of the EIA
    
  • 3.1.2.5. Review of Impact Assessment Report
    
  • 3.1.2.5.1. Internal Review
    
  • 3.1.2.5.2. External Review
    
  • 3.1.2.6. Authorisation of Project
    
  • 3.1.2.7. Monitoring Conditions
    
  • 3.1.3. Public Participation
    
  • 3.1.4. Climate Change in Niger EIA legislation
    
  • 3.1.5. EIA Procedure Limits
    
  • 3.1.5.1. Inadequate Public Participation
    
  • 3.1.5.2. Environmental Monitoring Missions Funded by the Project Developer
    
  • 3.1.5.3. Ambiguity Related to the Scope of the EIA as a Tool
    
  • 3.1.5.4. Failure to Categorise Projects Subjugated to EIA
    
  • 3.2. Assessment of the European Union Directive on Environmental Impact Assessment
    
  • 3.2.1. Presentation of the Environmental Impact Assessment Procedure in EU
    
  • 3.2.2. EU Environmental Impact Assessment Procedure
    
  • 3.2.2.1. Screening
    
  • 3.2.2.2. Scoping
    
  • 3.2.2.3. Realisation of the EIA
    
  • 3.2.2.4. Assessment and Evaluation of the EIA
    
  • 3.2.2.5. Project Appraisal
    
  • 3.2.2.6. Determination of Monitoring Conditions
    
  • 3.2.3. Public Participation in EU EIA Procedure
    
  • 3.2.4. Climate Change in EU Directive on EIA
    
  • 3.3. Assessment of the European Union Directive on Strategic Environmental Assessment
    
  • 3.3.1. Limits of the EU SEA Directive
    
  • 4. COMPARISON OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE IN EUROPEAN UNION (EU) AND NIGER
    
  • 4.1. Criteria for Comparison
    
  • 4.2. Results
    
  • 4.3. Discussions
    
  • 5. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
    
• Conclusions