The nature of schools and academic performance of pupils in primary schools in Gasabo district Kigali City

TABLE OF CONTENT

DECLARATION A i

DECLARATION B ii

APPROVAL SHEET iii

DEDICATION iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT v

ABSTRACT vi

TABLE OF CONTENT vii

LIST OF TABLES xi

LIST OF FIGURES xii

LIST OF ACCRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS xiii

CHAPTER ONE

PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE 1

1.1. Background to the Study 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem. 4

1.3. Purpose of the Study 6

1.4. Objectives of the Study 6

1.5 Research Questions 6

1.6 Research Hypotheses 6

1.7. Scope of the Study 7

1.8. Significance of the Study 7

1.9. Operational Definition of terms 8

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW 9

2.1. Conceptual Framework 9

2.2 Theoretical perspective 10

11

2.3 Related Literature 11

The Determinants of Student Performance 11

Teachers' Degree Levels 13

Teachers' Years of Experience 13

Factors Affecting Private versus Public School Decisions 17

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY 21

3.1. Research Design 21

3.2. Research Population 21

3.3. Sample and Sampling Procedures 21

Table3. 1: List of 10 Schools Selected and Number of People Taken in Sample 22

3.4. Instruments 22

3.4.1. Interview Guide 23

3.4.2. Questionnaire 23

3.4.3. Inventory form 23

3.5. Validity and Reliability 23

3.6. Data Analysis 24

3.7. Ethical Consideration 24

3.8. Limitations of Study 24

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 26

4.1. Overview 26

4.2 Background of the Respondents 26

Qualification of respondents 27

Working experience of respondents 28

4.2 Comparison of pupils' academic performance in public and private and private primary schools in Gasabo District. 28

4.3 School Facility Availability and Pupils Academic Performance 29

Table 4.6 Resource Demand and Supply in 5 Selected Private Primary Schools of Gasabo District 30

Table 4.7 Resource Demand and Supply in 5 Selected Public Primary Schools of Gasabo District 34

CHAPTER FIVE

FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS 39

5.1. Introduction 39

5.2. Findings 39

5.3. Conclusion 42

5.3. Recommendations 44

5.4. Suggestions for Further Research 45

REFERENCES 46

APPENDICES 51

APPENDIX A: TRANSMITTAL LETTER 51

APPENDIX C: TIME FRAME 52

APPENDIX D: INTERVIEW GUIDE FOR HEAD TEACHERS 53

APPENDIX E: QUESTIONNAIRE TO TEACHERS 54

APPENDIX F: OBSERVATION GUIDE/INVENTORY FOR EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES 56

APPENDIX G: MAP OF KIGALI PROVINCE SHOWING LOCATION OF GASABO DISTRICT 58

APPENDIX H: TOP 10 PERFORMERS - P6 Acad. Year 2008 59

APPENDIX I: TOP 10 PERFORMERS - P6 Acad. Year 2009 60

APPENDIX J Marks for the 300 pupils from the 10 sampled schools (2005 -2007) 61

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1: Sample categories of respondents ..................................................................28

Table 4.1: Respondents by category ...............................................................................32

Table 4.2: Sex category of respondents .........................................................................33

Table 4.3: Respondents by qualification .........................................................................33

Table 4.4: Respondents by working experience .............................................................34

Table 4.5: Two tailed test for difference in pupils performance ....................................35

Table 4.6: Respondents resource demand and supply in private schools.......................36

Table 4.7: Respondents resource demand and supply in public schools........................42