ABSTRACT
The subject on "Cameroonian diplomacy and the Iraq crisis
of 2003" poses the problem of the ambiguity of the diplomatic positioning of
Cameroon in this conflict. Our thesis is based on the observation that the
debates surrounding the question of the disarmament of Iraq at the United
Nations provoked an international crisis between the countries members of the
Security Council. The Iraqi issue has crystallized positions and highlighted
two divergent readings and resolution of a major international issue. For
Cameroon, a non-permanent member of the Security Council during this period,
there was talk of defending the principles and ideals of the United Nations,
including the peaceful settlement of disputes and respect for international
legality. However, in practice, especially the last few days before the
outbreak of hostilities by the Anglo-American coalition in Iraq, his diplomacy
has made a dramatic turnaround by standing side by side with the United States,
the main protagonist of this crisis. This study attempts to provide a rational
explanation for this shift. The epistemological posture is positivist and the
reasoning is deductive. The research methodology consisted of collecting
written and oral information, reading reports, briefs and periodicals that
related the event. At the end of our analysis, it appears that Cameroon's
ambiguous position in the Iraq crisis of 2003 stems from its domestic
constraints. They have, indeed, weighed against the traditional principles of
his diplomacy. This compromise allowed the Cameroonian government to receive in
return the support of the United States on a number of crucial political and
economic issues it was facing.
Keywords: Diplomacy - Crisis - Security
Council - Non-Permanent Member - Cameroon
LISTE DES SIGLES, ABREVIATIONS ET ACRONYMES
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ACOTA :
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African Contingency Operations Training and
Assistance
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ADM:
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Armes de Destruction Massive
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AGOA :
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AfricanGrowthOpportunitiesAct
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AIEA:
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Agence Internationale de l'Energie Atomique
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ANZUS:
AOPIG:
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Australia, New-zeland, United States of America
African Oil Policy Initiative Group
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BIRD
BIR :
BFF :
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Banque Internationale pour la Reconstruction et le
Développement
Bataillon d'Intervention Rapide
BakassiFreedomFichters
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BRICS:
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Brasil, Russia, India, China,South Africa
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CEMAC :
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Communauté Economique et Monétaire d'Afrique
Centrale
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CENUCED
CESA :
CHOCOCAM :
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Conférence des Nations Unies sur le Commerce et le
Développement
Centre d'Etude Stratégique pour l'Afrique
Chocolaterie et Confiserie du Cameroun
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CIA:
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Central Intelligence Agency
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CIJ:
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Cour Internationale de justice
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CEE
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Communauté Economique Européenne
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CNN
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Cable News Network
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COCOVINU :
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Commission de Contrôle, de Vérification et
d'Inspection des Nations Unies
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CPI:
DSRP :
FAA :
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Cour Pénale Internationale
Document de Stratégie pour la Réduction de la
Pauvreté
Force Africaine en Attente
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FALSH:
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Faculté des Arts Lettres et Sciences Humaines
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FMI:
FUNU :
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Fonds Monétaire International
Fonds des Nations Unies d'Urgence
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GATT:
HEVECAM :
IFC:
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General Agreement and Tariffs and Trade
Hévéas du Cameroun
Institut Français du Cameroun
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IPPTE:
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Initiative Pays Pauvres Très Endettés
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IRIC:
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Institut des Relations Internationales du Cameroun
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IRS :
MINEFI :
MINMEE :
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Intelligence Renseignement Surveillance
Ministère de l'Economie et des Finances
Ministère des Mines de l'Eau et de l'Energie
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MINREX:
OCB :
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Ministère des Relations Extérieures
Office Camerounaise de Banane
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OEA:
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Organisation des Etats Américains
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OIT:
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Organisation Internationale du Travail
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OMC:
OMP :
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Organisation Mondiale du Commerce
Opération de Maintien de la Paix
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ONG:
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Organisation Non-Gouvernementale
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ONU:
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Organisation des Nations Unies
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OTAN:
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Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord
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OTASE:
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Organisation du Traité de l'Asie du Sud-Est
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OUA:
PAS :
PEC :
PNUD :
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Organisation de l'Unité Africaine
Programme d'Ajustement Structurel
Politique Etrangère du Cameroun
Programme des Nations Unies pour le Développement
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REGIFERCAM :
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Régie des Chemins de Fer du Cameroun
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SDN:
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Société des Nations
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UA:
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Union Africaine
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UCAC:
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Université Catholique d'Afrique Centrale
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UDEAC:
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Union Douanière des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale
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UE :
UNDP :
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Union Européenne
Union Nationale pour la Démocratie et le Progrès
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UNSCOM :
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United Nations Commission
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UPC :
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Union des Populations du Cameroun
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UPU:
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Union Postale Universelle
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URSS :
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Union des Républiques Socialistes Soviétiques
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USA:
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United States of America
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USAID:
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United States Agency International Development
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LISTE DESCARTES
Carte 1 : Le système des Nations
Unies.
3
Carte 2 : La péninsule de Bakassi
109
Carte 3 : Domaine maritime et continentale des
pays du golfe de Guinée
111
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