ABSTRACT
In order to adapt the Regional Agricultural Plan «
Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz to territorial specificities and under Pillar II of
« Maroc vert » Plan, a project aiming the developpement of the apple
sector at the Western High Atlas was initiated by the Provincial Directorate of
Agriculture of Marrakech.
This project predict the possible upgrading of the local apple
production in Asni Circle through the installation of a refrigeration unit that
is supposed to respond to an increasing need for storage and packaging of this
area's apple production.
This work aims the analysis of the marketing conditions of
Asni apple production, while identifying the factors that influence their
quality, in particular, production and conservation conditions.
To do so, we conducted an inquiry on a 40 producers sample as
well as focus groups consisting of local collectors and producers.
The collected data allowed us to deduce that the production
costs provide information on the adopted technical itinerary and thus, the
productivity and quality of produced apples. They have also shown that,
constrained primarily by the need for cash, 3/4 of producers sell their
production immediately after harvest. Beside the conservation mode which is
primarily traditional, causes considerable losses in quantity and quality. We
also appreciated the role of the collectors in the marketing process of apples
and concluded that their intervention should be better organized.
The answer to the problem of resources and funding
difficulties that producers face, would certainly allow better identifying
production difficulties and bringing out possibilities to improve quality and
quantity performances.
Table des matières
REMERCIEMENTS 2
RESUME 3
ABSTRACT 4
INTRODUCTION 1
CHAPITRE I. PROBLEMATIQUE ET APPROCHE METHODOLOGIQUE 4
1. PROBLEMATIQUE 4
2. APPROCHE METHODOLOGIQUE 6
CHAPITRE II. CADRE CONCEPTUEL : NOTION DE FILIERE 9
1. DEFINITIONS 9
2. FONDEMENTS THEORIQUES DE L'ANALYSE DE FILIERE 10
3. LES APPROCHES D'ANALYSE D'UNE FILIERE 11
CHAPITRE III. MONOGRAPHIE DE LA PROVINCE D'AL HAOUZ 16
1. SITUATION GENERALE DE LA PROVINCE 16
2. MILIEU PHYSIQUE 17
3. SITUATION DEMOGRAPHIQUE ET SOCIALE 19
4. SECTEUR AGRICOLE 23
5. MOUVEMENT ASSOCIATIF DANS LA PROVINCE D'AL HAOUZ 26
CHAPITRE IV. RESULTATS ET DISCUSSION 29
1. PRODUCTION 29
1.1 CARACTERISATION DES EXPLOITATIONS ENQUETEES 29
1.2 LES CHARGES DE PRODUCTION 32
1.3 DIFFERENCIATION ENTRE LA COMMUNE D'ASNI ET LES QUATRE AUTRES
COMMUNES DE LA ZONE D'ETUDE 35
2. 72
COMMERCIALISATION 36
2.1 LES PRATIQUES DE VENTE DES PRODUCTEURS 36
2.1.1 Vente sur pied 36
2.1.2 Vente après stockage 39
2.1.3 Marge brute 44
2.2 LES COLLECTEURS 45
2.2.1 Classification 45
2.2.2 Stratégies 46
2.2.3 Marge brute 46
2.3 LES GROSSISTES ET LES VENDEURS AU DETAIL 47
2.4 LES MARCHES DE GROS 49
2.4.1 Le marché de gros de Marrakech 49
2.4.2 Le marché de gros d'Agadir 50
2.4.3 Autres marchés 51
3. UNITE FRIGORIFIQUE PREVUE 51
4. PROBLEMES REVELES 53
4.1 AU NIVEAU DE LA PRODUCTION 53
4.2 AU NIVEAU DE LA COMMERCIALISATION 54
SYNTHESE 56
REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES 59
ANNEXES 61
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