Analyse et amélioration d'un système électrique de comptage d'énergie des compteurs intelligents de Cassou

ABSTRACT

The advent of the discovery of energy was and still is a great discovery that continues to mark our daily lives. Initially used for scientific applications and large industries, it quickly opened up to the world. Thus, in order to provide energy to consumers, a system of metering and billing of energy was born thanks to the invention of electric energy meters. However, these energy meters, which were initially electromechanical, are gradually being replaced by intelligent metering systems. This advance is the result of research work, analysis of the problems of the metering systems that have appeared, with a view to continuous improvement. This new generation of meters, called smart meters, are equipped with PLC modules that allow communication and remote data management. The communication is done thanks to a data concentrator placed upstream equipped with a PLC module that serves as a gateway between the meters and the management system. The meter management system is composed of a Meter Data Manager (MDM) database where all the information related to the activity of the electrical energy meters is configured and stored, a system that generates the recharge codes (HES) and a customer management and billing platform. This management system allows to have constants on the past events or in real time in order to perform advanced analysis of the management system, collection of subscribers and even to prevent certain events. Thanks to this very interesting feature, Burkina Faso has launched the popularization of this intelligent energy metering system, particularly in areas of difficult access, notably rural and peri-urban areas. This has allowed the deployment of a remarkable quantity of smart meters as well as access to energy for many subscribers, including the population of Cassou. However, despite the efforts put in place in the management of this large-scale project, it will run into problems with recharging, networks and sometimes power outages. In order to provide answers to the Cassou problem with regard to the difficulties encountered, a preliminary analysis of the system is necessary. First, we will define the nature of the complaints, then we will put forward hypotheses that we will verify in order to propose solutions for the improvement of the energy metering system implemented in Cassou.

SOMMAIRE

DEDICACE I

REMERCIEMENTS II

RESUME III

ABSTRACT IV

SOMMAIRE V

SIGLES ET ABREVIATIONS VII

TABLE DES FIGURES VIII

LISTE DES TABLEAUX X

INTRODUCTION GENERALE 1

CHAPITRE I : CONTEXTE DU PROJET ET PRESENTATION DES STRUCTURES D'ACCUEIL 3

I. Contexte du rapport 3

II. Présentation de IST 5

III.Présentation de ALIOTHSYSTRM ENERGY 7

CHAPITRE II : GENERALITES SUR LE COMPTAGE ELECTRIQUE 12

I. Généralités sur les compteurs d'énergie électrique 12

II. Présentation du compteur intelligent et concentrateur 15

III.NORME DE COMMUNICATION 18

CHAPITRE III : SYSTEME DE GESTION DES COMPTEURS INTELLIGENTS 21

I. Présentation du MDM et du HES 21

II. Prépaiement et fonctionnement 5

III.Architecture du système 8

CHAPITRE IV : DIAGNOSTIC ET ANALYSE DU SYSTEME DE COMPTEGE DE L'ENERGIE 10

I. Etude du projet de connexion du système prépayé dans la localité de Cassou 10

II. Analyse et recherche d'hypothèses 11

CHAPITRE V : ACTION CORRECTIVE ET PRESENTAION DES RESULTATS 19

I. Méthode et procédure de configuration 19

II. Vérification des hypothèses 23

III.Résultats attendus 34

CONCLUSION GENERALE 37

BIBLIOGRAPHIE 38