ABSTRACT
The idea of multiple paths of development necessarily involves
a case-by-case analysis of development problems. This is especially true in the
context of community development where all the local conditions (geographical,
economic, social, cultural, etc.) must be taken into account in the process of
developing strategies for social change. But in the enumeration of these local
conditions, the system of local governance is usually omitted. It is with this
observation and impregnated with a sociologist development approach that this
study has been kind enough to link local governance and community development.
The choice has rightly focused on Togo because of its status as poor and
underdeveloped country. Moreover, in this kind of country, the poverty is much
higher in rural than in urban areas, where there is a lack or inadequacy of
educational infrastructure, health, etc. In addition to the low purchasing
power of populations.
This study that has therefore required a field approach has
focused on qualitative methodology. Tools for data collection from the bulk of
the PRA allowed to operate a participatory diagnosis with local populations of
the village of Gboto Zévé. These tools were made of the problem
tree, the tree of solutions, the Venn diagram. Several other groups and
individual interviews were conducted simultaneously with the target groups.
Following a primary analysis based on the criteria of good
governance which are participation, accountability and transparency, the
results obtained after the investigation revealed:
On the one hand, an influence of local governance from the
village of Gboto Zévé on its dynamics of community
development.
On the other hand, a similarity between the overall
constraints of the togolese Government and the specific constraints of Gboto
Zévé. Which ultimately gives rise, in the discussion questioning
the link between global regulation and local governance.
In short, it should be noted that although local government is
not implementing the scale of global regulation, it is still influenced by
it.
Keywords: Local governance, public
policy, community development, sustainability, public health, community health,
primary health care.
SOMMAIRE
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INTRODUCTION
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3
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Première partie : PRESENTATION DU TOGO , CADRES
THEORIQUE ET
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METHODOLOGIQUE DE L'ETUDE
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..5
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Chapitre I - PRESENTATION DU TOGO
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6
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A- SITUATION GEOGRAPHIQUE, ORGANISATION POLITIQUE ET
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ADMINISTRATIVE
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.6
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B- SITUATION DEMOGRAPHIQUE, ECONOMIQUE ET SOCIALE
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10
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C- CONTRAINTES ET PERSPECTIVES
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14
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Chapitre II- CADRE THEORIQUE DE L'ETUDE
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.17
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A- PROBLEMATIQUE
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18
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B- SYNTHESE DE LA REVUE DE LA LITTERATURE
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23
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C- CADRE D'ANALYSE
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26
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Chapitre III - CADRE METHODOLOGIQUE DE L'ETUDE
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31
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A- TECHNIQUE D'ETUDE
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31
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B- COLLECTE DES DONNEES ET ECHANTILLONNAGE
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32
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C- METHODE DE TRAITEMENT ET D'ANALYSE DES DONNEES
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38
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Deuxième partie: RESULTATS ET DISCUSSION
..40
Chapitre IV- RESULTATS 41
A- RESPONSABILITE DES ACTEURS LOCAUX 41
B- ORGANES ET MECANISMES DE PARTICIPATION EXISTANTS 46
C- TRANSPARENCE 49
Chapitre V- DISCUSSION 51
A- INFLUENCE DU CADRE GLOBAL 51
B- DIFFERENTS MODELES DE DEVELOPPEMENT COMMUNAUTAIRE
C- CONCLUSION PARTIELLE : QUEL MODELE DE DEVELOPPEMENT
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58
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COMMUNAUTAIRE POUR GBOTO ZEVE ?
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67
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Chapitre VI- RECOMMANDATIONS
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69
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A- RECOMMANDATIONS A L'ENDROIT DE LUPAJOTE TOGO
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69
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B- RECOMMANDATIONS A L'ENDROIT DE LA COMMUNAUTE
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70
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C- RECOMMANDATIONS A L'ENDROIT DE L'ETAT
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.72
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CONCLUSION
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..73
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BIBLIOGRAPHIE
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75
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ANNEXES
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..80
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