Gastrointestinal infections and under nutrition among children between 0 and 5 years old. Case of Mareba sector, Bugesera district, eastern province, Rwanda

• DECLARATION
  
• APPROVAL
  
• DEDICATION
  
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  
• ABSTRACT
  
• LIST OF SIGNS AND ABREVIATIONS
  
• TABLE OF CONTENTS
  
• 
  
• LIST OF TABLES
  
• LIST OF FIGURES
  
• CHAPTER I. GENERAL INTRODUCTION
  
  • I. 1.BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
    
  • I.2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
    
  • I.3. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
    
  • I.4. HYPOTHESIS
    
  • I.5. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
    
  • I.6. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
    
  • I.7. LIMITATION AND DELIMITATION
    
• CHAP II. LITERATURE REVIEW
  
• II.1. DEFINITION OF GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS
  
• II.2.PREVALENCE OF GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS
  
• II.2.1. Prevalence of gastrointestinal infections worldwide
  
  • ll.2.2. Prevalence of gastrointestinal infection in different African countries
    
• II.2.3. Prevalence of gastrointestinal infections in Rwanda
  
• II.3. INFECTIOUS AGENTS OF GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS
  
• II.3.1. Protozoa
  
• II.3.1.1. Amoebiasis (Amebiasis)
  
  • II.3.1.2. Gardiasis
    
• II.3.2. Bacteria
  
• II.3.3. Virus
  
• II.3.4. Helminthes
  
• II.4. RISK FACTORS OF GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AMONG CHILDREN
  
• II.4.1. Poor hygiene
  
• II.4.2. Contact with animals
  
• II.4.3. Contaminated water
  
• II.4.4. Contaminated soil
  
• II.4.5. Malnutrition
  
  • ll.5.1. Different types of malnutrition
    
  • ll.5.2. How malnutrition is calculated
    
    • II.5.2.1. Z-score method and malnutrition characterization
      
  • II.5.2.2. Weight for height method
    
• II.5.2.3 Height for age method
  
• II.5.2.4 Weight for age method
  
  • ll.5.4. Prevalence of malnutrition
    
  • ll.5.6. Causes of malnutrition
    
  • ll.5.7. Malnutrition in Rwanda
    
    • ll.5.7.1.1 Lack of energy, proteins, vitamins, and minerals in Rwandese children diet
      
• II.6. MEASURES TO PREVENT MALNUTRITION
  
  • ll.6.1. What should be eaten to prevent malnutrition
    
• II.6.1.1. Balanced diet for children
  
  • ll.6.2. How malnutrition decrease immune system and lead to gastrointestinal infections?
    
  • ll.6.3. How infections could be avoided by well nutrition
    
• CHAPTER III. METHODOLOGY DESCRIPTION
  
• III.1.STUDY SITE AND STUDIED POPULATION
  
• III.2. SAMPLE STOOLS COLLECTION
  
• III.3. STOOLS SMEAR PREPARATION
  
• III.3.1. MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION
  
• III.5. RISK FACTORS INVESTIGATION
  
• III.6. IDENTIFICATION OF MALARIA
  
• III.7. IDENTIFICATION OF MALNUTRITION AMONG CHILDREN
  
• CHAPTER IV. RESULTS INTERPRETATION
  
• CHAPTER V. DISCUSSION
  
• CHAP VI. CONCLUSION AND RECOMANDATION
  
• VI.1.CONCLUSION
  
• VI.2.RECOMANDATION
  
• GROSSARY
  
• REFERENCES
  
  • BOOKS CONSULTED
    
  • ELECTRONIC REFERENCES
    
    • 1. http://www.the-ecentre.net/toolkit/Nutrition/NTM-1(b).doc (08th October, 2011 )
      
• APENDICES
  
• Table 2: THE PREVALENCE OF GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTION ACCORDING TO IDENTIFIED PARASITES IN 50 INFECTED CHILDREN.
  
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• ANNEXES