Références bibliographiques
Afli A., Ben Mustapha K., Jarbuoi O., Bradai M. N.,
Hattour A., Langar H. & Sadok S. (2005). La Biodiversité
marine en Tunisie. Rapp. Inst. Sci. Tech. Mer de Salammbô, 21
p.
Afli A., Boufahja F., Sadraoui S., Ben Mustpha K.,
Aissa P. & Mrabet R. (2009). Functional organization of the
benthic macrofauna in the Bizerte lagoon (Sw Mediterranean Sea), semi-enclosed
area subject to strong environmental/anthropogenic variations. Cahiers de
Biol. Mar. (50), 105-117.
Amsler C. D. (2009). Algal chemical ecology.
1., Springer-Verlag; Berlin.
Anderson B. C., Smit A. J. & Bolton J. J. (1998).
Differential grazing effects by isopods on Gracilaria gracilis
and epiphytic Ceramium diaphanum in suspended raft culture, South
Africa. Aquaculture. (169), 99-109.
Anderson R. J., Levitt G. J., Keats D. W. & Simons
R. H. (1993).The role of herbivores in the collapse of the
Gracilaria resource at Saldanha Bay, South Africa. Hydrobiologia.
(260/261), 285-290.
Anderson R. J., Smit A. J. & Levitt G. J. (1999).
Upwelling and fish-factory waste as nitrogen sources for suspended
cultivation of Gracilaria gracilis in Saldanha Bay, South Africa.
Hydrobiologia (398/399), 455-462.
Anonyme (2016). Le manuel du plongeur
biologiste- les crustacés. Rapport DORIS et Flabelline
Plongée, 28 p.
Antoine E., & Fleurence J. (2003).
Species identification of red and brown seaweeds using ITS ribosomal
DNA amplification and RFLP patterns. J. Sci. Food. Agric. (83),
709-713.
Arrontes J. & Anadón R. (1990).
Distribution of intertidal isopods in relation to geographical changes in
macroalgal cover in the Bay of Biscay. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K.
(70), 283-293.
Arponen H. & Boström C. (2011).
Responses of mobile epifauna to small-scale seagrass patchiness: is
fragmentation important. Hydrobiologia. (680), 1-10.
Belkhodja Mahjoub H., Romdhane M. S. & Missaoui H.
(2007). Répartition spatiale de la faune malacologique de la
lagune de Bizerte : analyses écologiques. Rapp. Comm. int. Mer.
Médit., 430 p.
Ben Maiz N. (1993). Inventaire des algues et
phanérogames marines d'intérêt économique : Bilan
potentiel des ressources sur le littoral tunisien. Plan Directeur de
l'aquaculture, Ministère de l'agriculture de Tunis, Projet PNUD :
1-65.
Ben Mustapha K., Chaouch M. & Hattour A. (2016).
Zoobenthos Associe Aux Dictyoceratidae (Spongiares, Demospongiae) des
Cotes Tunisiennes. Bull. Inst. Sci. Tech. Mer de Salammbô. Vol.
(43), 71-83.
Ben Mustapha K. & Hattour A. (2016).
Estimation de la population des holothuries des regions Jarzouna
Metline, el Hawar et la lagune de Bizerte. Bull. Inst. Sci. Tech. Mer de
Salammbô. Vol. (43), 257-272.
Béjaoui B. (2009).
Développement d'un modèle tridimensionnel couplé
dynamique-écologie : Application à la lagune de Bizerte.
Thèse Doct. ENIT, 189 p.
Bird K. T. (1982). Nitrogen allocation and
storage patterns in Gracilaria Tikvahiae (Rhodophyta). J.
Phycol. (18), 344-348.
51
Bligh E. G. & Dyer W. J. (1959). A rapid
method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can. J. Biochem.
Physiol. (37), 911-917.
Bonin P. (2015). Etude du métabolisme
du mannitol chez l'algue brune modèle Ectocarpus siliculosus :
caractérisation de l'enzyme clé mannitol-1-phosphate
déshydrogénase. Thèse Doct. De Biologie, Université
Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI., 171 p.
Bouchoukh I. (2017). Cours de botanique.
Univesité de Costantine, Fac. Sc. Nat. Et de vie, 129
p.
Boufahja F. (2010). Approches communautaires
et populationnelles de biosurveillance du milieu marin chez les
nématodes libres (lagune et baie de Bizerte, Tunisie). Thèse
Doct. Université de Carthage, Fac. Sc. Bizerte, 278 p.
Bourgougnon N. & Stiger-Pouvreau V. (2011).
Chemodiversity and Bioactivity within Red and Brown Macro algae Along
the French coasts, Metropole and Overseas Departments and Territories. In S-K
Kim (ed), Handbook of Marine Macro algae. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp
58-105.
Bradford M. M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive
method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the
principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochem. (72),
248-254.
Brahim M., Bejaoui B. & Atoui A. (2008).
Etude de l'hydrodynamique sédimentaire de la lagune de Bizerte.
Bull. Inst. Sci. Tech. Mer de Salammbô. Vol. (35), 149-160.
Burlot A. S. (2016). Valorisation des
métabolites d'algues proliférantes par voie enzymatique:
applications dans les domaines de la nutrition et santé animale,
végétale et humaine, de la cosmétique et de
l'environnement. Thèse Doctoral dissertation, Université de
Bretagne Sud.
Buschmann A. H., Westermeier R. & Retamales C. A.
(1995). Cultivation of Gracilaria on the sea-bottom in
southern Chile: a review. J. applied. Phycol. (7), 291-301.
Calvados. (2007). Inventaire des algues de
l'estran du lac sur mer. France, 46 p.
Chabot A. & Rossignol A. (2003). Algues
et Faune du littoral du Saint-Laurent Maritime : Guide d'identification.
Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Rimouski ; Pêches et
Océans Canada (Institut Maurice-La montagne), Mont-Joli, 113 p.
Chaffai A. (2014). Embranchement des
mollusques. Université Virtuelle de Tunis, 24p.
Chebil-Ajjabi L., Romdhane M. S. & El Abed A.
(2005). Etude comparative de l'absorption de l'azote par deux
espèces d'algues rouges: Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson)
Papenfuss, 1950 et Gracilaria bursa-pastoris (Gmelin) Silva, 1952.
Bull. Inst. Sci. Tech. Mer de Salammbô, 32 p.
Chopin T., Robinson S. M. C., Troell M., Neori A.,
Buschmann A. & Fang J. G. (2008). Multitrophic integration for
sustainable marine aquaculture. In Jørgensen, S.E., Fath, B.D. (Eds.),
The Encyclopedia of Ecology, Ecological Engineering, vol. 3.Elsevier, Oxford,
pp 2463-2475.
Chye F. Y., Padam B. S. & Ng S. Y. (2017).
Innovation and Sustainable Utilization of Seaweeds as Health Foods.
Sustainability Challenges in the Agro food Sector, 390 p.
Cirik Þ., Çetin Z., Ak ., Cirik S. &
Göksan T. (2010). Greenhouse cultivation of Gracilaria
verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss and determination of chemical composition.
Turkish J. Fisheries. Aquat. Sci.. 10 (4), 559-564.
Collén J., Cornish M. L., Craigie J.,
Ficko-Blean E., Hervé C., Krueger-Hadfield S.A., Leblanc C., Michel G.,
Potin P. & Tonon T. (2014). Chondrus crispus- A Present
and Historical Model Organism for Red Seaweeds. Advances in Botanical Research.
Elsevier, pp 53-89.
52
Connor J. L. (1980). Distribution and
seasonality of macroalgae on oyster communities of central Chesapeake Bay,
Maryland, U.S. A. Bot. Mär. (23), 711-718.
Conover J. T. (1964). The ecology seasonal
periodicity and distribution of benthic plants in some Texas lagoons. Bot.
Mär. (7), 4-41.
Correa J. A., Ramírez M. A., De La Harpe1 J.
P., Román D. & Rivera L. (2000). Copper, Copper mining
Effluents And Grazing As Potential Determinants Of Algal Abundance And
Diversity In Northern Chile. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment.
(61), 265-281.
Coutinho R. & Seeliger U. (1984). The
horizontal distribution of the benthic algal flora in the Patos Lagoon estuary,
Brazil, in relation to salinity, substratum and wave exposure. J. Exp.
Mär. Biol. Ecol. (80), 247-257.
Cruz-Rivera E. & Friedlander M. (2011).
Feeding preferences of méso-grazers on aquacultured
Gracilaria and sympatric algae. Aquaculture. 322 (323),
218-222.
Cruz-Rivera E. & Hay M. E. (2001).
Macroalgal traits and the feeding and fitness of an herbivorous
amphipod: the roles of selectivity, mixing, and compensation. Mar. Ecol.
Prog. Ser. (218), 249-266.
Csakb V. D. (2013). Les Vers Marins, 22 p.
De Marco S. G., Beltrame M. O., Freije R. H. &
Marcovecchio J. E. (2005). Phytoplankton dynamic in Mar Chiquita
coastal lagoon Argentina and its relationship with potential nutrient sources.
J. Coastal. Res. (21), 818-825.
Destombe C. (2001). Evolution des cycles de
reproduction et Biologie des populations chez l'algue rouge Gracilaria
gracilis. HABILITATION A DIRIGER DES RECHERCHES, Université de
Lille 1, le 4 septembre 2001, 33 p.
Djellouli A. S. (1988). Recherches sur le
macrophytobenthos de la lagune de Bizerte (Tunisie). DEA, Fac. Sc. Bizerte, 144
p.
Dubois M., Gilles K. A., Hamilton J., KRebers P. A.
& Smith F. (1956). Colorimetric Method for Determination of Sugars
and Related Substances. Analytical. chem. (28), 350-356.
Dufour C. M., Engels N. M. & Burns C. W. (2007).
Distribution, substrate preference and habitat enhancement of the
isopod Austridotea lacustris in Tomahawk Lagoon, Otago, New Zealand.
J. Mar. Freshwater Res. (41), 299-307.
Engkvist R., Malm T. & Nilsson J. (2004).
Interaction between isopod grazing and wave action: a structuring
force in macroalgal communities in the southern Baltic Sea. Aquat.
Ecol. (38), 403-413.
Fauvel P. (2007). Polychètes errantes.
Faune de France, Office Central de Faunistique, 90 p.
Fletcher R. L. (1995). Epiphytism and fouling
in Gracilaria cultivation: an overview. J. Applied phycol.
(7), 325-333.
Francavilla M., Franchi M., Monteleone M. &
Caroppo C. (2013). The red seaweed Gracilaria gracilis as a
multi products source. Mar. Drugs. (11), 3754-3776.
Francisco C. P. (2015). Effects of food type
and feeding frequency on the performance of early juveniles of the sea urchin
Loxechinus albus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea): Implications for
aquaculture and restocking. Aquaculture. (436), 172-178.
53
Friedlander M., Galai N. & Farbstein H. (1990).
A model of seaweed growth in an outdoor culture in Israel.
Hydrobiologia. (204), 367-373.
Fukunaga A., Peyton K. A. & Thomas F. I. M.
(2014). Epifaunal community structure and ammonium uptake compared for
the invasive algae, Gracilaria salicornia and Acanthophora
specifera, and the native alga, Padina thivyi. J. Exp.
Mari.Biol. Ecol. (456), 78-86.
Galàn Jiménez E., Hauxwell J., Heckscher
E., Rietsma C. & Valiela I. (1996). Selection of Nitrogen-Enriched
Macroalgae (Cladophora vagabunda and Gracilaria tikvahiae) by
the Herbivorous Amphipod Microdeutopus gryllotalpa. Bid. Bull. (191),
323-324.
Ganesan M., Thiruppathi S., Sahu N., Rengarajan N.,
Veeragurunathan V. & Jha B. (2006). In situ observations
on preferential grazing of seaweeds by some herbivores. Current Science,
Vol. 91, NO. (9), 1256- 1260.
Gayral P. (1975). Les algues : morphologie,
reproduction, écologie. Edition Dion. Paris, pp 55-70.
Genvès L. (1990). Biologie
végétale, thallophytes, et microorganisme. Edition Biosciences
Dunode. 159 p.
Ghribi R. (2003). Etude de l'évolution
spatio-temporelle du méso-zooplancton dans le canal de Bizerte.
Diplôme d'Etudes Approfondies en Sciences de l'Environnement,
faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 103 p.
Gillet P. (2017). Liste des Annélides
Polychètes du Maroc - List of Annelida Polychaeta of Morocco. Bull.
Inst. Sci., Rabat, Section Sciences de la Vie. (39), 17-24.
Glenn E. P., Moore D., Brown J. J., Tanner R.,
Fitzsimmons K., Akutigawa M. & Napolean S. (1998). A sustainable
culture system for Gracilaria parvispora (Rhodophyta) using
sporelings, reef growout and floating cages in Hawaii. Aquaculture.
(165), 221-232.
Gómez-Ordóñez E.,
Jiménez-Escrig A. & Rupérez P. (2010). Dietary fibre
and physicochemical properties of several edible seaweeds from the
north-western Spanish coast. Food. Res. Inter. (43), 2289-2294.
González M. L., Pérez M. C.,
López D. A. & Pino C.A.(1993). Effects of algal diet on the
energy available for growth of juvenile sea urchins Loxechinus albus
(Molina, 1782). Aquaculture. (115), 87-95.
Guiry W. (2013). In M. D. Guiry, & G. M.
Guiry (Eds.), Algae Base. Galway: World-wide electronic publication,
National University of Ireland.
Hansen J. P., Robertson-Andersson D. & Troell M.
(2006). Control of the herbivorous gastropod Fissurellamut abilis
(Sow.) in a land-based integrated abalone-seaweed culture.
Aquaculture. (255), 384-388.
Hanisak M. D. & Harlin M. M. (1978).
Uptake of inorganic nitrogen by codium fragile subsp. Tomentosoides
(chlorophyta) 1. J. Phycology. (14), 450-454.
Hanisak M. D. (1983). The nitrogen
relashionships of marine macroalgae. In carpenter E.J. and Capone D.G. (Eds),
Nitrogen in the marine Environment. Academic Press Inc.
Hanisak M. D. (1990). The use of
Gracilaria tikvahiae (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) as a model system to
underst and the nitrogen nutrition of cultured seaweeds. Hydrobiologia.
(204/205), 79 - 87.
Haouas Gharsallah I., Zammouri N., Jarboui O., Mrabet
R. & Missaoui H. (2008). Evaluation et cartographie des stocks de
coquillages comestibles dans la lagune de Bizerte (Nord de la Tunisie).
Bull. Inst. Sci. Tech. Mer. de Salammbô. (1), 33-40.
54
Harrison P. J. & Hurd C. L. (2001).
Nutrient physiology of seaweeds: application of concepts to
aquaculture. Cahiers de Biol. Mar., pp 1-2.
Hauxwell J., McClelland J., Behr P. J. & Valiela
I. (1998). Relative Biomass Importance of Grazing and Nutrient
Controls of Macroalgal in Three Temperate Shallow Estuaries. Boston University
Marine Program Marine Biological Laboratory Woods Hole, Massachusetts
02543, Estuaries Vol. (21), 347360.
Hay M. E., Lee R. R., J. R. & Guieb R. A. (1986).
Food Preference And Chemotaxis In The Sea Urchin Arbacia
punctulata (Lamarck) Philippi. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., Vol.
(96), 147-153.
Hay M. E. (1981). Herbivory, Algal
Distribution, And The Maintenance Of Between-Habitat Diversity On A Tropical
Fringing Reef. The American Naturalist, Vol. (118).
Hay M. E. (1992). The role of seaweed
chemical defenses in the evolution of feeding specialization and in the
mediation of complex interactions. In: Paul VJ (ed.), Ecological roles of
marine natural products. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, pp 93-118.
Hayward P. J. & Ryland J. S. (2002).
Handbook of the marine fauna of North-West Europe. Oxford University
Press, Oxford.
Heckscher E., Hauxwell J., Jiménez E. G.,
Rietsma C. & Valiela I. (1996). Selectivity by the Herbivorous
Amphipod Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Among Five Species of Macroalgae.
Boston University Marine Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Biol. Bull.
(191), 324-326.
Hermi M. (2001). Impact de la pollution
sévissant dans le lac Sud de Tunis sur la méiofaune. Thèse
Doct. Fac. Sc. de Bizerte, 300 p.
Hibberd T. & Moore K. (2009). Field
identification guide to Heard Island and McDonalds Islands benthic
invertebrates : A guide for scientific observers aboard fishing vessels.
Australian Government, Fisheries Research and Development Corporation,
149 p.
Hillison C. I. (1977). Seaweeds, a
color-coded, illustrated guide to common marine. Plants of east coast of the
United States, Keystone Books. The Pennsylvania State University Press, 5 p.
Hommersand M. H. & Fredericq S. (1990).
Sexual reproduction and cystocarp development. In Biology of the red
algae. In Cole K. M. and Sheath R. G. (ed.), Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge.
James P. S. B. R., Krishnamurty Chennuhotla V. S.
& Rodrigo J. X. (1986). Studies On The Fauna Associated With The
Cultured Seaweed Gracilaria Edulis. Proc. Symp. Coastal
Aquaculture. (4), 1193-1198.
Jing-Wen L. & Shuang-lin D. (2001).
Comparative studies on utilizing nitrogen capacity between two
macroalgae Gracilaria tenuistipitata var liui (rhodophyta) and
Ulva pertusa (chlorophyta) I. Nitrogen storage under nitrogen
enrichment and starvation. J. Envi. Sci. (13), 318-322.
Joseph M. Mohan. (1978 a). Ecological studies
on the fauna associated with the economical seaweed of South India: Species
composition, feeding habits and interrelationships. Seaweed. Res. Vlil.
(3), 9-25.
Joseph M. Mohan. (1978 b). Ecological studies
on the fauna associated with the economical seaweeds of South India:
Distribution in space and time. Ibid. (3), 26-37.
Joubert Y., Abdeladhim L. B., Ksouri J. &
Fleurence J. (2009). Development of a molecular method for the rapid
discrimination of red seaweeds used for agar production. Food. chem.
(113), 1384-1386.
55
Ketchum B. H. (1983). Enclosed
seas-introduction. In B. H. Ketchum (ed.), Ecosystems of the World. 26.
Estuaries and Enclosed Seas. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 209-218.
Khedhri I., Djabou H. & Afli A. (2014).
Trophic and functional organization of the benthic macrofauna in the
lagoon of Boughrara - Tunisia (SW Mediterranean Sea). J. Mar. Biol.
Association. U. K., 13 p.
Kim D. H. (1970). Economically Important
Seaweeds in Chile-I Gracilaria. Bot. Mar. (13), 140-162.
Kotta J., Orav-Kotta H., Paalme T., Kotta I. & Kukk
H. (2006). Seasonal changes in situ grazing of the mesoherbivores
Idotea balthica and Gammarus oceanicus on the brown algae
Fucus vesiculosus and Pilayella littoralis in the central Gulf of
Finland, Baltic Sea. Hydrobiologia. (554), 117-125.
Kraufvelin P., Salovius S., Christie H., Moy F., Karez R.
& Pedersen M. F. (2006). Eutrophication-induced changes in benthic
algae affect the behavior and fitness of the marine amphipod Gammarus
locusta. Aquat. Bot. (84), 199-209.
Ksouri J. & Ben Saïd R. (1998).
Potentialités en macroalgues: Cartographie et biomasse de
l'agorophyte Gracilaria dans le lac Bizerte. Bull. Inst. Sci.
Tech. Mer de Salammbô. (25), 17 - 34.
Ksouri J., Ben Saïd R. & Beji O. (1997).
Évaluation des potentialités quantitatives naturelles
des gracilaires (algues rouges) du lac nord de Tunis. Bull. Inst. Sci.
Tech. Mer de Salammbô. (24), 15-27.
Ksouri J., Ben Said R., Beji O., Guerbej H. &
Mrabet R. (1996). Cartographie des peuplements de la macroalgue
Gracilaria (Gigartinales, Gracilaires) dans le lac Nord de Tunis.
Ksouri J., Ben Said R., Guerbej H., Zaafrane S.,
Maatouk K., Sammari C. & Limayem Y. (1998). Potentialités
en macroalgues: Cartographie et biomasse de l'agorophyte Gracilaria
dans le lac Bizerte. Bull. Inst. Sci. Tech. Mer de
Salammbô. (25), 17-34.
Ksouri J., Ben Said R. & Pellegrini M. (1999).
Résultats des cultures expérimentales de la
rhodophycée Gracilaria verrucosa Papenfuss dans le lac Bizerte,
Tunisie septentrionale. Bull. Inst. Sci. Tech. Mer de Salammbô.
(26), 113-127.
Ksouri J., Challougui I. & Mensi F. (2008).
Culture en conditions optimisées de la macroalgue rouge
<Gracilaria gracilis> (stackhouse) steentofr et al.
dans le lac de Bizerte.
Ksouri J., Mensi F. & Ben Saïd R. (2000).
Ajustement de certains paramètres de culture par bouturage de
Gracilaria verrucosa (algue rouge), Hudson Papenfuss, dans le lac de
Bizerte. Bull. Inst. Sci. Tech. Mer de Salammbô. (27), 69 -
74.
Ksouri J., Mensi F. & Sahli-Hamza K. (2006).
Évaluation de la capacité
régénératrice de l'algue rouge Gracilaria verrucosa
(Hudson) Papenfuss du lac de Bizerte (Tunisie septentrionale). Bull.
Inst. Sci. Tech. Mer de Salammbô. (33), 59 - 68.
Laplace-Treyture C. (2016). Les
cyanobactéries d'eau douce, une nuisance ?.Irstea - UR EABX- Equipe
Contaminants Anthropiques et Réponses des Milieux Aquatiques - CARMA.
Colloque du GIS Cyano : Cyanobactéries et zones
récréatives, Biscarrosse, le 9 mars 2016, 12 p.
Lapointe B. E. & Ryther J. H. (1978).
Some aspects of the growth and yield of Gracilaria tikvahiae
in culture. Aquaculture. (15), 185-193.
Largo D. B., Bacolod T., Primitivo V., Cusi M. A.,
Orosco C. & Ohno M. (1989). Growth Rate of Gracilaria
verrucosa and Gracilaria salicornia (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta)
in an Intertidal and semi-enclosed Pond System in the Visayas, Philippines.
Bull. Mar. Sci. Fish., Kochi. Univ. (11), 95-100.
56
Lefebvre C. (1986). Comportement, en cultures
expérimentales, des deux générations diploïdes du
Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss: le carposporophyte à
carpospores et le tétrasporophyte immature. Thèse Doct.
dissertation, Lille 1.
Lei G. Y. ( 2007). Preliminary Study on
Experimental Ecology of Seaweed Gracilaria lemaneiformis, Ji'nan
University.
Lewis F. G. (1984). Distribution of
macrobenthic crustaceans associated with Thalassia, Halodule and bare
sand substrata. Mar. Ecol., Prog. Ser. (19), 101-113.
Loiselle S. A., Azza N., Cozar A., Bracchini L.,
Tognazzi A., Dattilo A. & Rossi C. (2008).Variability in factors
causing light attenuation in Lake Victoria. Freshwater. Biol. (53)
535-545.
Luhan R. J. (1996). Biomass and reproductive
studies of Gracilaria heteroclada Zhary et Xia collected from Jaro,
Central Philippines. Bot. Mar. (39), 207-211.
Lutz M. L., Davis A. R. & Minchinton T. E. (2010).
Non-indigenous macroalga hosts different epiphytic assemblages to
conspecific natives in southeast Australia. Mar. Biol. (157),
1095-1103.
Mahmoudi E. (2003). La méiofaune de
deux lagunes perturbées : Ghar El Melh et Bou Ghrara. Thèse Doct.
Fac. Sc. de Bizerte, 334 p.
Mancinelli G. & Rossi L. (2001).
Indirect, size-dependent effects of crustacean mesograzers on the
Rhodophyta Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss: evidence from a short-term
study in the Lesina Lagoon (Italy). Mar. Biol. (138), 1163-1173.
Mansouri T. (1996). Application de la
télédétection et des systèmes d'informations
géographiques à l'étude du
fonctionnement hydrologique du lac de Bizerte et de son bassin
versant. Thèse Doct. dissertation.
Marcovecchio J., Freije H., De Marco S., Gavio A.,
nFerrer L., Andrade S., Beltrame O. & Asteasuain R. (2006).
Seasonality of hydrographic variables in a coastal lagoon: Mar Chiquita,
Argentina. Aquat. Conservation: Mar. Freshwater. Ecosy. (16),
335-347.
Marinho-Soriano E. & Bourret E. (2003).
Effects of season on the yield and quality of agar from Gracilaria
species (Gracilariaceae, Rhodophyta)». Biores.Tech. (90),
329-333.
Marinho-Soriano E., Fonseca P. C., Carneiro M. A. A.
& Moreira W. S. C. (2006). Seasonal variation in the chemical
composition of two tropical seaweeds. Biores. Tech. (97),
2402-2406.
Marsham S., Scott G. W. & Tobin M. L. (2007).
Comparison of nutritive chemistry of a range of temperate seaweeds.
Food.. chem. (100), 1331-1336.
Mathieson A. C., Reynolds N. B. & Hehre E. J. (1981).
Investigations of New England marine algae. II. The species
composition, distribution and zonation of seaweeds in the Great Bay Estuary
System and the adjacent open coast of New Hampshire. Bot. Mär. (24),
533-545.
McLachlan J. & Bird C. J. (1986).
Gracilaria (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) and productivity,
Aquat. Bot. (26), 27-49.
Mensi F., Ksouri J., Hammami W. & Romdhane M. S.
(2009). L'algue rouge Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss
de la lagune de Bizerte (Tunisie septentrionale) : essai de culture en mode
suspendu et composition biochimique. Bull. Inst. Sci. Tech.
Mer de Salammbô. Vol. (36), 125-137.
Mensi F., Ksouri J., Hammami W. & Romdhane M. S.
(2010). Choix du site de culture de l'algue rouge Gracilaria
verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss dans la lagune de Bizerte :
caractéristiques physicochimique de l'eau. Bull. INSTM. (37),
133-144.
57
Mensi F., Ksouri J., Hammami W. & Romdhane M. S.
(2014). Etat de connaissances et perspectives de recherches sur la
culture de Gracilariales (Gracilaria et Gracilariopsis): Application
de la lagune de Bizerte. Bull. Inst. Sci. Tech. Mer de
Salammbô, 41 p.
Middelboe A. L. & Markager S. (1997).
Depth limits and minimum light requirements of freshwater macrophytes.
Freshwater. Biol.. (37), 553-568.
Mitchell S. B., Theodoridou A. & Pope D. J.
(2007). Influence of fresh water discharge on nutrient distribution in
a macrotidal lagoon, West Sussex, UK. Hydrobiologia. (588),
261-270.
Molloy F. J. (1992). Studies on the Ecology
and Production of Seaweeds of Economic and Potential Economic Importance on the
Namibian Coast. PhD Thesis. University of Cape Town, South Africa, 252
p.
Molloy F. J. & Bolton J. J. (1995).
Distribution, biomass and production of Gracilaria in
Luderitz Bay, Namibia. J. Appl. Phycol. (7), 381-392
Munda I. (1978). Salinity dependent
distribution of benthic algae in estuarine areas of Icelandic fjords. Bot.
Mär. (21), 451-468.
Murthy M. S., Ramakrishna T., Rao Y. N. & Ghose D.
K. (1989). Ecological studies on some agarophytes from Veraval Coast,
India. I. Effects of aerial conditions on biomass dynamics. Bot. Mar.
(32), 515- 520
Nagler P. L., Glenn E. P., Nelson S. G. & Napolean
S. (2003). Effects of fertilization treatment and stocking density on
the growth and production of the economic seaweed Gracilaria parvispora
(Rhodophyta) in cage culture at Molokai, Hawaii, Aquaculture.
(219), 379-391.
Nejrup L. B., Staehr P. A. & Thomsen M. S. (2013).
Temperature- and light dependent growth and metabolism of the invasive
red algae Gracilaria vermiculophylla - a comparison with two native
macroalgae, European. J. Phycol. (48), 295-308
Neori A., Chopin T., Troell M., Buschmann A. H.,
Kraemer G. P., Halling C., Shpigel M. & Yarish C. (2004).
Integrated aquaculture: rationale, evolution and state of the art
emphasizing seaweed biofiltration in modern mariculture. Aquaculture.
(231), 361-391.
Njobeni A. (2005). The cultivation of
Gracilaria gracilis (Rhodophyta) in an integrated aquaculture system,
for the production of abalone feed and the bioremediation of aquaculture
effluent. Master thesis, University of Cape Town.
Nguyen H. P. T. (2017). Optimisation du
procédé d'hydrolyse enzymatique appliqué à
l'extraction du pigment rouge, la R-phycoérythrine à partir de
Mastocarpus stellatus et Gracilaria gracilis. Thèse
Doct. dissertation, Nantes.
Nicotri M. E. (1977). The impact of
crustacean herbivores on cultured seaweed populations. Aquaculture.
(12), 127-136.
Nyberg C. D., Thomsen M. S. & Wallentinus I.
(2009). Flora and fauna associated with the introduced red alga
Gracilaria vermiculophylla. European. J. Phycol. 44 (3), 395-403.
Ogden J. C., BrownR. & Salesky N. (1973).
Grazing by the echinoid Diadema antillarum Philippi:
formation of halos around West Indian patch reefs. Science. (182),
715-717.
58
Paul V. J., Cruz-Rivera E. & Thacker R. W. (2001).
Chemical mediation of macroalgal-herbivore interactions: ecological
and evolutionary perspectives. In: McClintock J. & Baker B. editors.
Mar. Chem. Ecol., pp 227-265.
Pérez R. (1997). Ces algues qui nous
entourent. Conception actuelle, rôle dans la biosphère,
Utilisations, culture. Édition IFREMER, Plouzané, 250 p.
Prunus G., Dridi M. S. & Savoure B. (1978).
Les peuplements littoraux et leur intérêt
écologique dans les milieux lagunaires du nord de la Tunisie.
Bull.off. Nat.. Pêches, Tunisie. (2), 227-234.
Redmond S., Green, L., Yarish C., Kim J. & Neefus
C. (2014). New England Seaweed Culture Handbook Nursery Systems.
Connecticut Sea Grant. (2), 14-19..
Reviers B. (2002). Biologie et
phylogénie des algues. Édition par Belin, Paris, Sup. de
Belin, pp 352-353.
Réseau de Suivi Lagunaire. (2011).
Guide de reconnaissance et de suivi des macrophytes des lagunes du
Languedoc-Roussillon. Ifremer, Cépralmar, Agence de l'Eau RM&C,
Région Languedoc-Roussillon, 148 p.
Rueness J. (2005). Life history and molecular
sequences of Gracilaria vermiculophylla (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta), a
new introduction to European waters. Phycologia. (44), 120-128.
Russell G. & Fielding A. H. (1981).
Individual's populations and communities. In C. S. Lobban and M. J.
Wynne (eds.), The Biology of Seaweeds. University of California Press,
Berkeley, pp 393-420.
Ryder E., Nelson S. G., McKeon C., Glenn E. P.,
Fitzsimmons K. & Napolean S. (2004). Effect of water motion on the
cultivation of the economic seaweed Gracilaria parvispora (Rhodophyta)
on Molokai, Hawaii. Aquaculture. (238), 207-219.
Ryther J. H., Corwin N., DeBusk T. A. & Williams
L. D., (1981). Nitrogen uptake and storage by the red algae
Gracilaria tikvahiae (McLachlan, 1979). Aquaculture. (26),
107-115.
Ryther J. H., DeBusk T. A., Andrews D. A. & Habig
C. (1983). Cultivation of Gracilaria as a biomass source for
energy. Proc. World Mariculture Soc. (In press).
Sakka Hlaili A., Chikhaoui M.A., El Grami B. &
Hadj Mabrouk H. (2003). Variation hiverno-estivale de la
communauté phytoplanctonique de la lagune de Bizerte en milieu naturel
et fertilisé en nutriments. Revue de la Fac. Sc. de Bizerte, pp 37 -
49.
Santelices B. & Doty M. S. (1989). A
review of Gracilaria farming. Aquaculture. (78), 95-133.
Schmidt A. L. & Scheibling R. E. (2007).
Effects of native and invasive macroalgal canopies on composition and
abundance of mobile benthic macrofauna and turfforming algae. J. Exp. Mar.
Biol. Ecol. (341), 110-130.
Sfriso A., Marcomini A. & Pavoni B. (1994).
Gracilaria distribution, production and composition in the
lagoon of Venice. Biores. tech. (50), 165-173.
Shacklock P.F. & Croft G.B. (1981).
Effect of grazers on Chondrus crispus in culture.
Aquaculture. (22), 331-342.
Shacklock P. F. & Doyle R. W. (1983).
Control of epiphytes in seaweed cultures using grazers.
Aquaculture. (31), 141-151.
Shunula J. P. & Ndibalema V. (1986).
Grazing Preferences Of Diadema setosum And Heliocidaris
erythrogramma (Echinoderms) On An Assortment Of Marine Algae. Aquat.
Bot. (25), 91-95.
59
Silkin V. A. & Mironova N. V. (2007).
Production properties of the red alga Gracilaria verrucosa
(Huds.) Papenfuss from the Black Sea under culture conditions. Inter.
J. Algae, 9 p.
Simonetti G., Giaccone G. & Pignatti S. (1970).
The seaweed Gracilaria confervoides, an important object for
an ecologic and cultivation research in the northern Adriatic Sea.
HeigoländerWiss, Meeresunters. (20), 89--96.
Skjermo J., Aasen I. M., Arff J., Broch O. J., Carvaja
A., Christie l. H., Forbord S., Olsen Y., Reitan K. I., Rustad T., Sandquist
J., Solba kken R., Steinhovden K. B., Wittgens B., Wolff R. & Handå
A. (2014). A New Norwegian bioeconomy based on cultivation and
processing of seaweeds: Opportunities and R&D needs. Report
A25881, Sintef Fisheries and Aquaculture, Trondheim, 46 p.
Smit A. J., Fourie A. M., Robertson B. L. & du
Preez D. R. (2003). Control of the herbivorous isopod, Paridotea
reticulata, in Gracilaria gracilis tank cultures.
Aquaculture. (217), 385-393.
Sotka, E. E. (2007). Restricted host use by
the herbivorous amphipod Peramphithoe tea is motivated by food quality
and abiotic refuge. Mar. Biol. (151), 1831-1838.
Stachowicz J. J. & Hay M. E. (1999).
Reducing predation through chemically mediated camouflage: indirect
effects of plant defenses on herbivores. Ecology. 80(2), 495-509.
Talarico L. & Maranzana G. (2000). Light
and adaptive responses in red macroalgae: an overview. J. Photochem.
Photobiol. B: Biology. (56), 1-11.
Thomsen M. S., McGlathery K. & Tyler A. C. (2006).
Macroalgal distribution pattern in a shallow, soft-bottom lagoon,
Virginia with emphasis on the alien Gracilaria vermiculophylla and
Codium fragile. Estuaries and Coasts. (29), 470-478.
Thomsen M. S., Staehr P. A., Nyberg C. D.,
Schwærter S., Krause-Jensen D. &Silliman B. R. (2007).
Gracilaria vermiculophylla (Ohmi) Papenfuss, 1967
(Rhodophyta, Gracilariaceae) in northern Europe, with emphasis on Danish
conditions and what to expect in the future. Aquat. Invasions ,Vol. 2.
(2), 8394.
Thomsen M. S. & McGlathery K. (2005).
Facilitation of macroalgae by the sedimentary tube forming polychaete
Diopatra cuprea. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science. (62),
63-73.
Touchette B. W. & Burkholder J. M. (2000).
Review of nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in sea grasses. J.
Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.. 250 (1-2), 133-167.
Tsai C. C., Chang J. S., Sheu F., Shyu Y. T., Yu A. Y.
C., Wong S. L., Dai C. F. & Lee T. M. (2005). Seasonal growth
dynamics of Laurencia papillosa and Gracilaria coronopifolia
from a highly eutrophic reef in southern Taiwan: temperature limitation
and nutrient availability, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. (315), 49-69.
Turan G., Ak I., Cirik S., Koru E. & Ba°aran A. K.
(2006). Entansif balýk kültüründe Gracilaria
verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss yetiþtiriciliði. E.Ü. Su
Ürünleri Dergisi. (2-3), 305-309.
Umamaheswara RaoM. (1973). Growth and
reproduction in some species of Gracilaria and Gracilariopsis
in the Palk Bay. Indian. J. Fish. (20), 182-192.
Vairappan C. S. (2006). Seasonal occurrences
of epiphytic algae on the commercially cultivated red algae Kappaphycus
alvarezii (Solieriaceae, Gigartinales, Rhodophyta). In: Eighteenth
International Seaweed Symposium. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp
385-391.
60
Vásquez J. A. & Alonso Vega J. M. (2001).
Chondracanthus chamissoi (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) in
northern Chile: ecological aspects for management of wild populations. J.
Appl. Phycol. (13), 267- 277.
Vázquez-Luis M., Sanchez-Jerez P. &
Bayle-Sempere J. T. (2008). Changes in amphipod (Crustacea)
assemblages associated with shallow-water algal habitats invaded by
Caulerpa racemosa var.cylindracea in the western Mediterranean Sea.
Mar. Envi. Res. (65), 416-426.
Viana G. S. B., Freitas A. L. P., Lima M. M. L.,
Vieira L. A. P., Andrade M. C. H. & Benevides N. M. B. (2002).
Antinociceptive activity of sulfated carbohydrates from the red algae
Bryothamnion seaforthii (Thrner) Kütz. and B. triquetrum
(S.G. Gmel.) M. Howe». Brazilian. J. Med. Biol. Res. (35),
713-722.
Wang Y. C., Pan G. Y. & Chen L. C. M. (1984).
Studies on agarophytes II. Field observations and growth of
Gracilaria cf. verrucosa (Rhodophyta) in Shantou District,
Guangdong, P. R. C. Bot. Mar. (27), 265268.
Weinberger F., Buchholz B., Karez R. & Wahl M.
(2008). The invasive red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla in
the Baltic Sea: adaptation to brackish water may compensate for light
limitation. Aquat. Biol., Vol. (3), 251-264.
Wen X., Peng C., Zhou H., Lin Z., Lin G., Chen S.
& Li P. (2006). Nutritional composition and assessment of
Gracilaria lemaneiformis Bory. J. Integrative Plant Biology.
(48), 1047-1053.
Westbrook C. E., Ringang R. R., Cantero S. M. A., HDAR
& TNC Urchin Team & Toonen R. J. (2015). Survivorship and
feeding preferences among size classes of out planted seaurchins,
Tripneustes gratilla, and possible use as biocontrol for invasive
alien algae. Peer. J.3: 1235 p.
Wu C. Y., Li R. Z., Lin G. H., Wen Z. C., Zhang J. P.,
Dong L. F. & Huang X. H. (1994). Study on the optimum
environmental parameters for the growth of Gracilaria tenuistipitata var.
liui in pond culture, Oceanol. Limnol. Sin. (25), 60-66.
Xu J. & Gao K. (2008). Growth, pigments,
UV-absorbing compounds and agar yield of the economic red seaweed
Gracilaria lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta) grown at different depths in the
coastal waters of the South China Sea. J. Appl. Phycol. (20),
681-686.
Yang Y., Chai Z., Wang Q., Chen W., He Z. & Jiang
S. (2015). Cultivation of seaweed Gracilaria in Chinese
coastal waters and its contribution to environmental improvements. Algal
research. (9), 236244.
Yarish C., Redmond S. & Kim Jang K. (2012).
Gracilaria Culture Handbook for New England. Wrack Lines, 72
p.
Ye N., Wang H. & Wang G. (2006). Formation
and early development of tetraspores of Gracilaria lemaneiformis
(Gracilaria, Gracilariaceae) under laboratory conditions.
Aquaculture. (254), 219-226.
Zaabar W., Charfi-Cheikhrouha F. & Achouri M. S.
(2017). The Influence of Environmental Factors on the Population
Structure and Reproductive Biology of Idotea balthica basteri
(Isopoda, Valvifera) of the Bizerte Lagoon (Northern Tunisia). Open J.
Ecology. (6), 206-218.
Zaouali J. (1980). Flore et faune benthiques de
deux lagunes tunisiennes : le lac de Bizerte, Tunisie septentrionale et la Mer
de Bou Ghrara, Tunisie méridionale. Bull. off. Nat. Péches,
Tunisie. (4), 169200.
Zhao X.T. (2007). Study on Gracilaria
lemaneiformis's Ability to Treat Mariculture Discharge, Ocean University
of China.
61
62
|