ABSTRACT
At the end of the year 2003, the world discovered that in
Darfur (west Sudan region) killings are being perpetrated by Janjaweeds, a
pro-governmental militia. Rwanda, under African Union peacekeeping mission
intervened in that region and this for its first time.
In this context, our study discussed the role of AU member
states in its peacekeeping operation intervention in Darfur/Sudan especially
for the case of Rwanda during almost two years that the RDF are holding this
mission.
The two hypothesis of our research were: (1) Through its
personnel contribution, discipline and good cooperation that its forces is
showing, the role played by Rwanda in this intervention is very appreciated.
(2) The training given before going in the mission in different military
academies is qualified on the international level in order to fulfill the
peacekeeping mission.
To verify these hypotheses, the following objectives were set
up: The overall objective was to show the Rwanda contribution in the
peacekeeping intervention in Darfur under AU mission. The specific objectives
of this research were to demonstrate the RDF professionalism and the challenges
and perspectives of this intervention.
In our research, the systemic, historical and dialectic
methods were used. Thus, the documentary, questionnaire, the interview and
observation were used to collect the necessary data enabling us to reach
reliable results.
Findings of this work show that the RDF discipline and
cooperation are on a high level and that they are well experienced and trained
in order to accomplish the peacekeeping mission although there are some
problems they face on the ground.
In order to overcome these difficulties, we suggested the
following recommendations:
1. To increase the Ministry of Defense's budget in order to
equip the military academies with didactic materials they don't have;
2. For the better intervention of the RDF, it will be good to
insert host countries' languages in their training;
3. The RDF officers should know either French or English;
4. Creation of necessary fund so that the African Union shall
fulfill its peacekeeping missions;
5. The peace mandate should be well determined especially in
danger zones;
6. As it has been seen in some of UN peacekeeping mission,
measures should be taken to avoid indiscipline in host countries.
UMUSOGONGERO
Mu mpera z'umwaka w'2003, isi yaje gusamga ko mu ntara ya
Darfour iburengeazuba bwa Sudan hari kubera ubwicanyi bwindenga kamere buri
gukorwa nisoresore zitwaje aba janjaweed zishigikiwe na leta ya sudan .
Urwanda murwego rw'umuryango wunze ubumwe bw'afrika watabaye
murwego rwo kubungabunga amahoro kunshuro yarwo yambere. Ni kuriyo mpamvu ubu
bushakashatsi ,bugamije kwiga kuruhare rw'ibihugu bigize uwo muryongo wa afrika
muriyo ntara ya Darfour.
Ubu bushakashatsi , twabukoreye ku ngabo z'u Rwanda kuva igihe
zagereyo kugeza tuvayo.
Ibisubizo nteganyo twihaye ni bibiri aribyo: (1) Binyuze mu
nkunga y'abantu n'ibikoresho, disipuline n'ubufatanye ingabo z'u Rwanda
zigaragaza muri Darfour, inkunga y'u Rwanda iri kurwego rushimishije. (2)
Imyitozo zihabwa mbere yo kujya mu butumwa mu mashuri atandukanye ya gisirikare
iri mu rwego mpuzamahanga rwo kubungabunga amahoro.
Mu rwego rwo kugezura ibyo bisubizo nteganyo twihaye intego
zikurikira: Intego nkuru yari iyo kugaragaza inkunga y'u Rwanda mu kugarura
amahoro mu ntara ya darfour binyuze mu Muryango wa Afurika yunze Ubumwe. Naho
intego zihariye zari ukugaragaza ko igisirikare cy'u Rwanda ari igisirikare
cy'umwuga ndetse n'imbogamizi zihura nazo n'uburyo tubona zakemurwa mu gihe
kizaza.
Kugirango tugere ku musaruro ushimishije, twifashishije uburyo
bw'ubushakashathi bwitwa «systemique, historique na dialectique».
Twanakoresheje kandi na tekiniki (technique) zo gusoma (documantaire), kubaza
mu nyandiko (questionnaire) biherekejwe no kubaza imbonankubone (interview)
tutibagiwe no kwigenzurire (observation).
Ubu bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko disipuline n'ubufatanye
by'ingabo z'u Rwanda biri mu rwego rushimishije cyane. Bwerekanye kandi ko
zifite uburambe n'imyitozo biri ku rwego ruhanitse n'ubwo hatabuze utubazo
zihura natwo.
Kugira ngo izo ngorane zikemuke, hifashishijwe ubu
bushakashatsi, ni ngombwa ko hafatwa ingamba zikurikira:
1. Kongera mu ngengo y'imari ya gisirikare amafaranga
y'imfashanyigisho zitaboneka mu mashuri ya gisirikare ;
2. Kongera indimi mu masomo bahabwa z'ibihugu batabayemo;
3. Nibura umusirikare mukuru (officier) ujya mu butumwa aba
azi igifaransa cyangwa icyongereza, kuzimenya byombi bikaba akarusho ;
4. Kugira ikigega gihagije gituma Umuryango w'Afurika yunze
Ubumwe igera ku ntego iba yihaye ;
5. Manda igomba kusobanuka neza cyane cyane mu turangwamo
umutekano muke ;
6. Nk'uko byagiye bigaragara ku basirikare bamwe na bamwe ba
Loni batitwara neza, hagomba gufatwa ingamba zihamye mu kubikumira.
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