3.4.2 Interview Schedule
According to Bailey (1978:93) an interview is an instrument
that is not given directly to the respondents, but is filled in by an
interviewer who reads the questions to the respondent. In case where the
researcher had access to the respondents, she interviewed them and responses
were filled in the interview schedule.For better organization of the interview
exercise, the researcher made appointments with the respondents in order to
have access to them.
During the interview process, the researcher had a list of
questions that he read to get responses from the respondents; the researcher
prepared a separate schedule as this would later facilitate the coding
process.
3.4.3 Documentation
Bailey (1978:266) defines documentary study as a careful
reading, understanding and analysis of written documents for some purposes
other than social research. They record of past events that are written or
printed. Grinnell and Williams (1990:219) noted that documentation is the
analysis of data that exist in boxes, in some enterprise's basements or hidden
in the core of a computer.
In this research, the researcher collected the already
existing data, by finding them where they are stored or field. During the
process of documentary analysis, the researcher reads some documents and after
understanding and analyzing the relevance of texts to this study, he jotted
them down on manuscripts and later typed them on a computer for compilation.
The researcher reads documents such as manual procedures, newspapers and other
publications.
3. 5. Sources of data
According to Paige Wilson (1989:2),a source is one of the
materials that the researcher uses for collecting information during the
investigation». In this research, the sources of data were both primary
and secondary data.
3.5.1 Primary data
As Joel R. Evan and Barry Berman (1995: 20), Gilbert A.
Churchill Jr(1992:182), argue, Primary data are those data collected to the
specific problem or issue under investigation. Primary data are necessary when
a trough analysis of secondary data is unable to provide satisfactory
information. They add that primary data are collected to fit precise purposes
of current research problem.
To evaluate the overall value of primary data, the researcher
must weigh precision and reliability against high cost time pressure and
limited access to materials. The main techniques of primary data collection
were interviews and copies of the questionnaire given to the staff and
suppliers. Therefore, primary data were collected from respondents in the form
of answers to the administered questionnaire as well as responses where
interviews were applied.
3.5.2 Secondary data
Extensive study and review of published and unpublished
documents, reports journals, newspapers and policy reports relevant to the
study was used. Secondary data is a data gathering method that makes use of
pre-existing data (Richard M. Grinnell and Margaret Williams, (1990:228).
This technique is important because it reviews the literature
and tries to canvas both global and national perspectives so that the
researcher could have a comparative framework for analysis and evaluation
(William, 1982:401). Secondary data sources for this research work were drawn
from the permanent file of some surveyed institutions. The permanent file
included among other documents and these include the following: the statute,
minute of managers, the manual of procedures and other documents considered
necessary for this study.
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