Criminal liability for third person's act: case of release on bail

• DECLARATION
  
• DEDICATION
  
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  
• ABREVIATIONS AND ACCRONYMS
  
• CHAP. O. INTRODUCTION
  
• CHAP.I. GENERAL CONCIDERATIONS OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY
  
  • I.1. CONDITIONS TO THE EXISTENCE OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY
    
    • I.1.1. Realization of an offence
      
      • I.1.1.1. definition of an offence
        
      • I .1.1.2. constitutive elements of offences
        
        • I.1.1.2.1. Legal element
          
        • I.1.1.2.2. material element
          
          • attempted offences
            
          • committed offences
            
        • I.1.1.2.3. moral element
          
          • imputability
            
          • guilt
            
    • I.1.2 The person who acts
      
      • I.1.2.1.author
        
      • I.1.2.2.accomplice
        
      • I.1.2.3. co author
        
    • I.1.3.consecration of principle of criminal liability of moral persons
      
      • I.1.3.1. legal regime of criminal liability of moral person
        
  • I.2. CAUSES OF NON RESPONSIBILITY AND MITIGATING CAUSES OF RESPONSIBILITY
    
    • I. 2.1 objective causes or justifications of non responsibility
      
      • I. 2.1.1 justifications resulting from the order to commit a crime
        
        • I.2.1.1.1.order of the law
          
        • I. 2.1.1.2. command of a legitimate authority
          
      • I.2.1.2. justifications resulting from the necessity to commit a crime
        
        • 1. self defense
          
        • 2. necessity in case of an exceptional situation
          
    • I. 2.2. Subjective causes of non responsibility or causes of non imputability
      
      • I. 2.2. 1.mental diseases / insanity
        
      • I. 2.2. 2.constraint
        
      • I. 2.2. 3. Minority / infancy
        
      • I. 2.2. 4. Error
        
  • I.3. AGGRAVATING AND MITIGATING CAUSES OF RESPONSIBILITY
    
    • I.3. 1. aggravating circumstances
      
      • I.3. 1.1. Recidivism
        
    • I.3. 2. mitigating circumstances
      
• CHAP. II. RELEASE ON BAIL AND EXECUTION OF SANCTIONS
  
  • II.1.RELEASE ON BAIL
    
    • II.1.1. definition of bail
      
    • II.1. 2. Preventive detention and provisional release
      
      • 2.1. Preventive detention
        
        • 2.2. Provisional release
          
    • 2.3.why a release pending trial ?
      
    • 2.4. Difference between provisional release and Conditional release/ Parole
      
    • II.1.3.Forms of bail
      
      • Bail bond
        
      • Bail on surety
        
      • Bail conditions
        
  • II.2. EXECUTION OF PENALTIES
    
    • II.2.1 GENERAL CHARACTERS OF PENALTIES
      
      • II.2.1.1. Legality
        
      • II.2.1.2. Personality
        
      • II.2.1.3 . Individuality
        
      • II.2.1.4.No double jeopardy
        
    • II.2.2. CLASSIFICATIONS OF PENALTIES AND TEIR EXECUTION
      
      • II.2.2.1.Principle penalties
        
        • - imprisonment
          
        • - fine
          
        • -Public interest works
          
      • II.2.2.2. complementary penalties
        
      • II.2.2.3 accessory penalties
        
        • confiscation
          
        • - forfeiture
          
        • -putting a person at government disposal
          
        • -civic degradation
          
    • II.2.3. EXECUTION OF SENTENCE IN CASE OF RELEASE ON BAIL
      
      • II.2.3.1. criminal liability for third person's acts or execution by the surety
        
• GENERAL CONCLUSION
  
• RECOMMANDATIONS