ABSTRACT
The aims of is stady is to contribute to an ecological and
rational management of used solar panels in Burkina Faso. The methodology used
consists of a survey of state actors monitoring solar panel imports and waste
management in Burkina Faso, the private sector of the production, assembly,
distribution, repair of solar panels and the resulting waste management. It is
also based on the quantification of panels imported or produced on the national
territory according to the 2021 Customs Statistical Yearbook and the results of
research on technologies in countries already facing the problem of solar panel
management. Following the projection of data on imports and production of solar
panels, taking 25 years as the lifespan of solar panels according to ROOFING
RECYCLING studies accessed on August 15, 2022, the amount of solar panel waste
expected by 2035 is on average 13668.45 tons per year including 9294.54 tons of
glass, 1640.21 tons of aluminum, 1230.16 tons of plastics, 546.74 tons of
silicon, 273.37 tons of silver/copper. The annual recyclable average is
12985.02 tons and 683.42 tons of ultimate waste. This study resulted in the
proposal of a draft solar panel waste management guideline with an action plan.
This action plan tries as much as possible to resolve the difficulties
identified in the analysis of strengths/weaknesses such as the absence of
implementing texts governing waste management, the lack of synergy of action
between actors, the absence of infrastructure, etc. The recycling of this waste
would not only meet the challenge of reducing waste, sustaining natural
resources, industrial development, but also an annual saving of 17606.61 tons
of CO2 on average.
Keywords: solar panel waste, recovery,
management, action plan.
V
TABLE DE MATIÈRE
DEDICACE I
REMERCIEMENTS II
RESUME III
ABSTRACT IV
LISTE DES TABLEAUX VII
LISTE DES FIGURES ET PHOTOS VII
LISTE DES SIGLES ET ABREVIATIONS VIII
INTRODUCTION 1
CHAPITRE I : GENERALITES 3
I.1. PRESENTATION DE LA ZONE D'ETUDE ET DE LA STRUCTURE
D'ACCUEIL 3
I.1.1. Présentation de la zone d'étude 3
I.1.2. Présentation de la structure d'accueil 3
I.2. CADRE POLTIQUE, JURIDIQUE ET INSTITUTIONNEL. 5
I.2.1. Cadre politique 5
I.2.2. Cadre juridique 6
I.2.2.1. Cadre législatif 6
I.2.2.2. Cadre règlementaire 7
I.2.2.3. Conventions internationales 9
I.2.3. Cadre institutionnel 9
I.3. DEFINITIONS DE CONCEPTS 11
I.4. TYPOLOGIE ET COMPOSITION DES PANNEAUX SOLAIRES 11
I.4.1. Typologie des panneaux solaires photovoltaïques
11
I.4.2. Composition des panneaux solaires 14
I.4.3. Etat de la recherche sur la gestion des panneaux solaires
16
CHAPITRE II : APPROCHE METHODOLOGIQUE 16
II.1 TRAVAUX PREPARATOIRE 17
II.1.1. Recherche bibliographique 17
II.1.2. Elaboration et validation des outils de collecte des
données 17
II.2. TRAVAUX DE TERRAIN 17
II.2.1. Echantillonnage 17
II.2.2. Collecte des données 19
II.2.3. Traitement des données 19
II.2.4. Difficultés rencontrées et limites de la
méthodologie 20
CHAPITRE III : RESULTATS ET DISCUSSION 21
III.1. ETATS DES LIEUX DE LA GESTION DES PANNEAUX
PHOTOVOLTAIQUES AU
BURKINA FASO 21
III.1.1. Impacts des déchets des panneaux solaires
21
III.1.2. Gestion des panneaux solaires uses 23
III.1.3. Importation des panneaux solaires au Burkina Faso
28
III.1.4. Etude de sensibilité sur la durée de vie
des panneaux solaires 33
III.1.5. Quantités des déchets produites
34
III.1.6. Techniques de recyclages des déchets
photovoltaïques 36
III.1.7. Discussion des résultats 39
VI
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