2. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ICT
Promoted by some as the ideal solution to all environmental
problems, criticized by others as a growing source of concern and negative
impacts on our planet, ICT and their relation to sustainable development is a
subject that leaves no one indifferent.
Thus it is quite undeniable that ICT has many negative impacts
on our planet and it is mainly the energy consumption (Datacenter are big
energy consumers), the production of difficult to recycle electronic waste.
However it is equally undeniable that the contribution of ICT to sustainable
development places it as a leading actor. Indeed technological innovations that
come one after the other changing our ways of working, exchange, access to
entertainment. This contribution can be enjoyed on many levels corresponding to
a crossover approach to the pillars of sustainable development:
· At the level of governance: ICT is widely used at this
stage as the decision support tools. Many software are used to provide analysis
and even future projections.
· The establishment of competence networks: this can be
seen for example as the capacity offered through many internet web portal to
bring together experts in various fields to promote the exchange of
expertise;
· From the day before the first application of ICT
(information systems) to sustainable development has led to the search for
information to better understand the ins and outs of sustainable
development.
This means that this work is placed straight on the objectives
of ICT facing sustainable development. Because in addition to promoting
sustainable development, it also puts the computer science forward, where the
concept of "green IT".
3. LITERATURE REVIEW
This section will consider the various works that focused on
building a web platform so that we can learn from them, is to say that a
critical analysis is made.
Patrice Zangue GOGUIA (2013), designed and implemented a
communication platform for Cameroonian teachers. This means that he has
developed a web application to facilitate collaboration between teachers
regardless of their place of residence. This work is based on information
gathered from school activities, as well as a methodology and a common approach
to web applications (UML) to achieve a web application, a platform equipped
with a forum, a messaging service, and a database.
Prince MUJUMBE SALAMA (2012), designed and developed a web
portal for all the Burundian actors (businessmen, farmers, lawyers and others).
His work aims to promote dialogue between actors from different horizons
allowing a cultural mix and a stronger national cohesion. He made use of the
UML modeling method and numerous programming languages like PHP. However,
building a portal to a broad range of people and offering a large amount of
resources may prove to be in use to be a failure.
The «Portail du
DéveloppementDurable»of the BNF (BibliothèqueNationale
de France) is a portal that shows its functions just the way forward in
building the portal that will be ours, by presenting personalized functions
such as internal research. Let us recognize that many of the functions referred
to our portal are not included.
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