Conclusion
56
In this study, we have tried to answer two main objectives:
· Recognize the effect of Ramadan fasting on anaerobic
sports performance through a laboratory test (the Wingate test).
· Identify the effect of Ramadan fasting on the activity
of the vegetative nervous system including the activity of sympathetic and
parasympathetic systems through a study of cardiac variability.
Our results showed that Ramadan fasting did not have any
effects:
1. On anthropometric parameters,
2. On performances during a Wingate test,
3. On the other hand, our results revealed a modulation of
the autonomous system by the increase of the participation of the
parasympathetic system and the decrease of the effect of the sympathetic
one.
The stability of performances during the Wingate test during
and out of Ramadan concerning essentially the peak powers and the average
powers can be explained by the continuity of physical activity practice during
Ramadan for our subjects. The nature of the test itself and its short duration
appear to be unaffected by caloric deficiency during the fasting month or by
sleep / wake disruption which results in decreased performance when exercises
require sensorimotor coordination or cognitive processes, which is not the case
in our study (purely physical test).
Our study showed that Ramadan fasting causes a decrease in
resting and exercise heart rate in response to vegetative nervous system
modulation through increased parasympathetic tone and decreased sympathetic
tone. This could be explained by the spiritual atmosphere created during the
holy month and the abstinence from eating which decreases the basic metabolism
in the absence of digestion.
Since this study is descriptive, we plan in the future to
continue our experiments in order to define more specifically the precise
mechanisms responsible for the modulation of the vegetative nervous system
during Ramadan with the different age groups (children, old people) and the
different training levels (high level, sedentary).
57
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