LIST OF ABBREVIATION AND
ACRONYMS.
B.P.R s.a : Banque Populaire du Rwanda s.a
BCR : Banque Commerciale du Rwanda
CUNA : Credit Union National
Association
E.D.P.R.S : Economic Development and Poverty
Reduction Strategy
FSAP : Financial Sector Assessment
Program
FSAP : Financial Sector Development
Program
GDP : Gross Domestic Product
IMF : International monetary fund
MIF : Microfinance Institutions
MINICOM : Ministry of
Commerce,Industry,Investment promotion, Tourism and Co-operatives.
MINECOFIN : Ministry of Finance and Economic
Planning.
NBFI : Non-Bank Financial
Institutions
N.B.R : National Bank of Rwanda
NGO : Non-Governmental Organizations
Rwf : Rwandan franc
SACCO : Saving and Credit Cooperative
SME : Small and Medium Entreprises
SWIFT : Society for worldwide interbank
financial communication.
USAID : United Nations Agency for
International Development
WOCCU : World Council and Credit Unions.
LIST OF FIGURES
Graph 1 : Evolution of Depositors in Five
Years
Graph 2 : Evolution of Deposits in Five Years
Graph 3 : Evolution of Loans in Five Years
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 : Distribution of respondents according to their
relationship with the bank.
Table 2 : Distribution of respondents according to their
sex.
Table 3 : Distribution of respondents according to their
levels of education.
Table 4 : Distribution of respondents according to their
ages.
Table 5: Evolution of Depositors in Five
Years
Table 6: Evolution of Deposits in Five Years
Table 7: Evolution of Loan in Five Years
CHAPTER ONE: GENERAL INTRODUCTION.
I.1. INTRODUCTION
I.1.1 THE BACKGROUND OF BANQUE POPULAIRE
The first Banque populaires was created in German by Wilhem
Raiffeisen and Herman Schulze in 1864. By that time, the industrial development
of European countries created a large number of salaried populations in the
city from the mining of coals and metals.
The workers and subordinate employees who were poorly paid had
difficulties in surviving; the social security and life insurance did not exist
at that time. The families with modest revenues were required to get the
credits for solving extra ordinary expenses incurred. The banks did not grant
those kinds of credit but money lenders granted credits at the highest interest
rate.
It become important to change that situation through the creation
of credit co-operatives to have access to credit by low income earners, to put
together their financial capacities in order to have access to credit with low
interest rate. Thereafter the creation of «BANQUE POPULAIRES»
expanded quickly in German, Italy and other European nations. After Europe,
Banques populaires were extended to Canada where Alphonse Desjardins
established the first Banque populaire at Levis in Quebec. In 1970, there were
79,206 Banques populaires around the world and 1795 were in Africa.
A world association credit and savings cooperatives( CUNA
international) was established in 1958 and was replaced by a world council of
savings and credit cooperatives (WOCCU) in 1970 which comprised of seven
members and among those, there were credit and saving associations in Africa
(ACECA).
Banque populaire was introduced in Africa in 1946 and English
speaking countries were the first to receive them in Africa. Banques populaire
quickly expanded in Africa because Africans were carrying out the savings and
credit societies practically through traditional associations.
The first Banque populaire was created in 1948 at Kampala in
Uganda by a group of teachers through a Ugandan priest «Emmanuel
KABILIGE». Other countries followed such as Tanzania (1950),
Malawi 1952, Nigeria 1953, Ghana 1955, Lesotho 1961, Cameroon 1963, Kenya 1964,
Liberia1965, Zambia 1967 and Togo 1968. (www.banquepopulaire.fr)
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