Synthèse du biocarburant par transesterification catalytique de l'huile de palme

REFERENCIEMENTS

BIBLIOGRAPHIE

Altin R. C., Etinkaya S., and Yücesu H.S., (2001), «The potential of using vegetable oil fuel for diesel engines». Energy Conversion and Management, 42, pp. 529-538.

B. Kaltwasser, (1980), «biogas» wesbaden FRG, pp. 35-36

BALLERINI. D et ALAZARD-TOUX. N, 2006 les Biocarburants, Etats de lieux, Perspectives et enjeux du développement. Institut Français du Pétrole (IFP). France. Technip, 348p.

C. Ehren and J. Bucholtz, (2007). Biodiesel Synthesis and Evaluation an Organic Chemistry Experiment Chem.

C. Ehren and J. Bucholtz, Biodiesel Synthesis and Evaluation an Organic Chemistry Experiment Chem. (2007).

Conceicao M.M., Candeia R.A., Silva F.C., Bezerra,A.F., Jr., Fernandes V.J., and Souza A.G., (2007), «Thermoanalytical characterization of castor oil biodiesel». Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 11, pp. 964-975.

Darbha Srinivas and Jitendra K. Satyarthi, (2011), «Biodiesel Production from Vegetable Oils and Animal Fat over Solid Acid Double-Metal Cyanide Catalysts «. Catal. Surv. Asia, 15, pp. 145 - 160

Darnoko, D. and M. Cheryan, (2000), «Kinetics of palm oil transesterification in a batch reactor». J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 77, pp. 1263 - 1267.

David Soissons citer par Nathan 2000, 1^re générale - enseignement de spécialité : Constitution et transformation de la matière, Dossier 2 Efficacité énergétique des combustibles.

Demirbas. (2003) Biodiesel from triglycerides via transesterification.

Encinar J.M., Gonzalez J.F., and Rodriguez Reinares A., (2007),»Ethanolysis of used frying oil. Biodiesel preparation and characterization». Fuel Processing Technology, 88, pp. 513 - 522.

F. Maramba, (1978), «Biogaz and waste -The Phillipine experience», MetroManila, p. 43

F. Maramba, (1978), «Biogaz and waste -The Phillipine experience», MetroManila, p. 43

Fernando S., Karra P., Hernandez R., and Johan S.K., (2007), «Effect of incompletely converted soybean oil on biodiesel quality». Energy, 32, pp. 844-851.

G. Pahl, (2008), «Biodiesel : growing a new energy economy», Chelsea Green Publishing

Garcia, E., F. Ferrari, T. Garcia, M. Martinez, and J. Aracil, (2001), «Optimization of the enzymatic esterification of diglycerol and lauric acid». J. Surfac. Detergents, 4, pp. 257-262.

Hernandez-Martyn, E. and C. Otero (2008) «Different enzyme requirements for the synthesis of biodiesel: Novozym 435 and Lipozyme_TL IM». Bioresour. Technol., 99, pp. 277- 286.

HUAYANG HE, SHIYAO SUN, TAO WANG, SHENLIN ZHU, 2007 Transesterification kinetics of soybean oil for production of biodiesel in supercrital methanol. J Amer Oil Chem Soc

IEA (2020),«Bioenergy - A sustainable reliable energy source», World Energy Outlook »

J. Barrault, S. Bancquart, Y. Pouilloux , (2004), « Selective glycerol transesterification over mesoporous basic catalysts« Comptes Rendus Chimie, vol.7, (6 - 7), 593 - 599.

J. C. Verchin, (2004), «Dossier biogaz », Supplément Energie plus n°322 mars

J.R.W Van et al. (1963). Viscosity and Flow Measurement. Pages: 272-275. Interscience.

J.R.W Van et al. Viscosity and Flow Measurement. Pages: 272-275. Interscience. (1963).

Jitputti, J., B. Kitiyanan, P. Rangsunvigit, K. Bunyakiat, L. Attanatho, and P. Jenvanitpanjakul, (2006), «Transesterification of crude palm kernel oil and crude coconut oil by different solid catalysts». Chemical Eng. J., 116, pp. 61-66

Karabektas. M, Ergen. G and Hosoz. M. (2008). The effects of preheated cottonseed oil methyl ester on the performance and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine, Applied Thermal Engineering. Volume 28. Pages: 2136-2143.

Kulkarni M.G., Dalai A.K., and Bakhshi N.N.,(2007), «Transesterification of canola oil in mixed methanol/ethanol system and use of esters as lubricity additive». Bioresource Technology, 98, pp. 2027-2033.

Kusdiana, D. and S. Saka, (2001), «Kinetics of transesterification in rapeseed oil to biodiesel fuel as treated in supercritical methanol». Fuel, 80, pp. 693-698.

Kusdiana, D. and S. Saka, (2001), «Kinetics of transesterification in rapeseed oil to biodiesel fuel as treated in supercritical methanol». Fuel, 80, pp. 693-698.

L.K. Singh and G. Chaudhary.  (2017). Advances in Biofeedstocks and Biofuels. Volume 2. Production Technologies for Biofuels. Pages.162-163.

Liu X., H. Hea, Y. Wang, S. Zhua, and X. Piao, (2008), «Transesterification of soybean oil to biodiesel using CaO as a solid base catalyst». Fuel, 87, pp. 216-221.

M. Balat. (2000) Fuels from Biomass - Overview. Sila Science, University Mah, Mekan Sok. No.24.Trabzon, Turkey.

M. Mittelbach., (2009). Biofuels. Wiley Series in Renewable Resource. Page 79.

Meneghetti, S. M. P., M. R. Meneghetti, C. R. Wolf, E. C. Silva, G. E. S. Lima, M. de A. Coimbra, J. I. Soletti, and H. V. Carvalho, (2006), «Ethanolysis of castor and cottonseed oil: A systematic study using classical catalysts. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 83, pp. 819- 822.

Moussouni .I . (2016). Mémoire en vue de l'obtention du Diplôme de MASTER en Sciences des aliments. Contribution à L'étude physico-chimique des échantillons d'huile d'olive et leur mélange.

Nidhal Attia Mars 2018, Le guide de l'accord de paris sur le climat, Heinrich böll stiftung-Afrique du Nord/Tunis.

Norhafiz .A, Jasronita .J, Mohd .Z.A, A. Kadir and Mohd .N.M. Suitability of palm based oil as dielectric insulating fluid in Transformers. J Electr Eng Technol. Vol: 8. Page: 742. (2013).

Noureddini H. and D. Zhu, (1997), «Kinetics of Transesterification of Soybean Oil». J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 74, pp. 1457-1463.

Patrice LEVAN G, D. SHEIL et Markku K., 2015 Biodiversité, énergie et changements climatiques, Le palmier à huile, Dr Jekill pour l'énergie, Mr Hyde pour la biodiversité CIFOR à Bogor-Indonésie).

Pinto et al. (2005) Biodiesel from triglycerides via transesterification

Rapport Dossier, le mythe de l'huile de palme 100% durable, Les limites des initiatives volontaires : le cas de la RSPO et de l'Alliance Belge pour une huile de palme durable 2018.

Reis, S. C. M. dos, E. R. Lachter, R. S. V. Nascimento, J. A. Rodrigues Jr., and M. G. Reid, (2005), «Transesterification of Brazilian vegetable oils with methanol over ion-exchange resins». J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 82, pp. 661-665.

Rieger M. M. (1990). «Glyceryl stearate, chemistry and use». Cosmetics and Toiletries, 105, pp. 51-7.

Ropkins K., Quinn R., Beebe J., Li H., Daham B., Tate J., Bell M., and Andrews G., (2007), «Real-world comparison of probe vehicle emissions and fuel consumption using diesel and 5% biodiesel (B5) blend». The Science of the Total Environment, 376, pp. 267-284.

Stamenkovic, O. S., Z. B. Todorovic, M. L. Lazic, V. B. Veljkovic, and D. U. Skala (2008) Kinetics of sunflower oil methanolysis at low temperatures. Bioresour. Technol., 99, pp. 1131-1140.

T. Kumar, A. Kumar and A. Raheman. (2007). Biodiesel production from Jatropha oil with high free fatty acids: An optimized process. Biomass and Bioenergy.

Tamalampudi S., M.R. Talukder, S. Hamad, T. Numata, A. Kondo, and H. Fukuda, (2008), «Enzymatic production of biodiesel from Jatropha oil: A comparative study of immobilizedwhole cell and commercial lipases as a biocatalyst». Biochemical Eng. J., 39, pp. 185-18

Z. Bettahar, B. Cheknane and K. Boutemak. (2016). Etude de la transestérification d'un mélange des huiles usagées pour la production du biodiesel.

Zhou W. and D.G.B. Boocock, (2006), «Phase distributions of alcohol, glycerol, and catalyst in the transesterification of soybean oil.» J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 83, pp. 1047-1052.

Zhou W., S. K. Konar, and D.G.B. Boocock, (2003), «Ethyl esters from the single-phase base-catalyzed ethanolysis of vegetable oils». J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 80, PP. 367-371.

Zhou W., S. K. Konar, and D.G.B. Boocock, (2003), «Ethyl esters from the single-phase base-catalyzed ethanolysis of vegetable oils». J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 80, PP. 367-371.

Ganaprakasam A, Sivakumar V M, Surendhar A, Thirumarimurugan M and Kannadasan T., (2013) Recent strategy of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil and process influencing parameters: A review Journal of Energy. Pages: 1-10.

Fonds de la CNUCED (2016)pour l'information sur les marchés des produits de base agricoles, New York et Genève

K. Sivaramakrishnan and P. Ravikumar.(February 2012).Determination of cetane number of biodiesel and its influence on physical properties. Vol (7). N°2.

WEBOGRAPHIE

www.cf.ac.uk/archi/research/cost8 /case/sweden.html

www.zeus-europe.org/stock.html

Advantages of bio fuels-biofuels. ( http://biofuel.org.uk/advantages-of-biofuels.html).