A. Direct costs
It is generally impossible to calculate the sum of the real
costs of case of disease; this is why we will use the explicit cost by patient
i.e. the cost which refers to the expenditure indeed related to the payment of
an episode of disease. This cost is also variable according to case's, and
includes/understands: costs of consultation, drug, the hospitalization,
transport, etc.
- Cost of treatment: this cost
includes the expenditure devoted to the purchase of drug prescribes by the
doctor after the confirmation of a diagnosis;
- Cost of consultation: they are the
expenditure carried out by the patient before being received by a doctor;
- Cost of laboratory: by cost of
laboratory, it is necessary to consider the expenditure engaged by the test of
laboratory in order to male nurse or to confirm the diagnosis posed;
- Cost of transport: they are
expenses paid by the patient to go to the hospital;
- Cost of hospitalization:they are the
expenses engaged by the
patient when it is interned at the hospital for a permanent
follow-up;
- Cost of
treatment:this cost includes the expenditure devoted to the
purchase of drug prescribes by the doctor after the confirmation
of a
diagnosis;
B Indirect costs
The indirect cost is the sum expressed in monetary unit of
work. That is composed of ancillary costs. This cost can be regarded as
implicit and fixed in the case of the patients dealt with by the company, and
these costs relate to the categories of population having a productive function
for the company, because a sick patient will be always constrained to suspend
his occupation for one period, which is prejudicial for the employer and
indirectly for the company.
For the economists, these costs are regarded as true social
cost by the potential losses of production. In other words, the disease has a
cost which takes into account not only the medical expenses but also
potentially lost work.
Within this framework, these costs can also enter in account
what the Anglo-Saxon authors call the intangible effects. It is a question here
of evaluating the effects of paludism on the quality of the life (the morals of
patient or his entourage, the anguish, the losses effective, sufferings,
etc....).The effects related to the loss of wellbeing are real but difficult to
evaluate in monetarists term, this is why they are often forgotten in different
the studies on the cost from a disease in a company and consequently to guide
the medical doctors of the policy.
C Total Cost
It represents the sum of the direct costs or Cost fixed or
implicit and the cost indirect of an episode of paludism. It is possible to
calculate by patient or disease in a unity of place like the area or a country.
To know the cost of each disease makes it possible to carry out comparisons
between pathologies, or for pathology, between countries.
1.1.3. Spare
A household is consisted of the people belonging to certain
categories of supplemented population with share, in particular the soldiers
placed in barracks, the boarders, who have their residence nobody in this
housing.
In addition, a household is defined as being a connected unit
or not which only recognizes the authority of one and even nobody live in
housing and often take their joint meal and take part in the recurring
expenses.
Moreover, a household or cell of consumption is the whole of
the people living of the same incomes and sharing the same meals (it is the
unit of analysis).
I.1.3.1. Left households
One distinguishes two types of households below:
Spare nuclear; where all the members resulting from a family,
i.e. are composed of couple and their children;
Spare nuclear widened; where we find the members who are
around a family core (couple with child) and the members of the relationships
at least remote.
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