SUMMARY OF CHAPTER I
This chapter is done by statement problem, the objective,
interest, hypothesis, scope, methodology and the organization of the study.
Many researches have been conducted particularly in less
developed countries in order to determine the economic sector which contributes
to the economic growth; through this study the bank system have been taken into
account. Rwanda is considered as a country that is looking for development with
a poor economy mainly based on agriculture, nowadays with political stability,
its Gross Domestic Product raised by 9,9 %, its inflation has fallen down by
3,2 %, currency depreciation have been of 6,5 % per year.
The performance of Bank system contributes to the
accumulation of physical capital, human capital and stimulate technological
innovations, those mentioned conditions contribute to the economic growth and
poverty reduction. There are some authors who agree that bank system plays an
important role in acceleration of industrialization; those issues could be
strategic to be discussed according to Rwandan economy which has many financial
needs.
The research problem is stated as follow:
- Does Bank system of Rwanda contribute to the acceleration or
deceleration of economic growth of Rwanda?
The objective of this work named IMPACT OF BANK SYSTEM ON
ECONOMIC GROWTH OF A NATION is to determine the real place a bank can hold in
economy of a country. The interest of this study is to give our contribution in
solution finding of our unlimited needs and fulfill conditions of becoming a
bachelor's degree holder.
The hypothesis of this work is:
Ø Banks contribute to the growth of different sectors
of economic activities, so they play a key role in economic growth.
This study is scoped in time and space; our analysis and
interpretation is going to be conducted from 2002 up to 2007 within Rwandan
economy.
The methodology used is composed by analytical, comparative
and statistical methods without forget documentary and interview techniques.
CHAP. II: APERÇU GENERALE
SUR LE SYSTEME BANCAIRE ET LA CROISSANCE ECONOMIQUE
II.1. LE SYSTEME BANCAIRE EN
GENERAL
II.1.1. Définition
Avant d'aborder le terme proprement dit « le
système bancaire », Il nous est utile de connaître ce
que c'est une banque. Les banques « sont des organismes
spécialises dans l'émission et le commerce de la monnaie. Elles
gèrent les dépôts et collectent l'épargne de
clients, accordent des prêts, pilotent les instruments de paiements comme
le carnet de chèque, la carte bancaire et offrent des services
financiers. Elles assurent pour l'état la traçabilité des
opérations financières et contribuent à la lutte contre
le trafic ». (Article de wikipedia encyclopédie
libre)
Par extension, « la banque » est le
secteur économique qui regroupe les activités de conception de
production et de commercialisation des services offerts par une banque.
Apres avoir défini le mot banque nous pouvons passer
à la définition du Système
bancaire défini comme étant: « l'ensemble des
banques d'une même zone monétaire, forment un système
bancaire pilote par une banque particulière qui contrôle
l'ensemble des banques, l'émission des billets et définit la
politique monétaire ». (Guy CAUDAMIN et J. M p: 123)
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