3.5. Conclusion
The aim of this chapter has been to give an overview of the
methods used to collect data and
to present findings from my fieldwork. 20 open-ended
interviews were conducted with 10
FMs, seven CSOs, one police officer, one official of the
DHA, and another from the local government of Johannesburg.
In the case study that I conducted with Africa's FMs, I
was interested particularly in their stories, as well as in their
relationships with CSOs. Outcomes presented in this chapter
suggest a need for greater social justice for FMs as
they face many challenges, including
exclusion, discrimination, xenophobia, unemployment, and
police harassment. Regarding the CoJ, few initiatives are being undertaken to
improve the situations of FMs in the inner city. Their voices are not heard b y
the LG. Yet, as residents of the inner city, they are part of the City and
they should be given the opportunity to participate and share in the
same basic advantages with local communities as stated in the 1998 Refugee
Act and the Bill of Rights, except the right to vote. They should also be given
the opportunity to present their views on issues regarding their presence in
the city and in local decision-making processes, because «today's
citizenship practices have to do with the production of presence of
those without power and a politics that claims rights to the city»
(Sassen, 2006: 315).
The outcomes of interviews showed that, in the current context of
the inner city where FMs,
the voices of FMs may better be heard through CSOs
which have the power and the opportunity of connecting them to the local
and national governments. As FMs do not have
the opportunity to address government directly about
their problems, CSOs may mediate between FMs and the local and national
governments. But, to do so, CSOs should become more vocal as I will
show in the next chapter, which will evaluate the outcomes of my
fieldwork.
| 
