CHAPTER I: GENERAL
INTRODUCTION
I.1 INTRODUCTION
Internet Protocol (IP) is a technical standard that allows
computers of all sizes, from many vendors, running totally different operating
system, to communicate each other over networks.
Nowadays many organizations have started to depend on Internet
in their usual work, Internet is growing day by day, and the spread of Internet
is providing significant benefits to its users by enhancing good opportunities.
Internet has become a fundamental part of life.
Millions of users at ten of thousands of sites around the
world depending on the global as part of their daily work environment, it might
appear that Internet is a completely stable production facility.
The Internet world has passed the early stage of using the
IPv4 and has supported the Internet's phenomenal growth over the last decade,
and IPv4 is the first version of the Internet Protocol to be widely
deployed.
As the technology continues to evolve, the Internet
Engineering Task Force (IETF) discover new ways to use the technology and have
developed a newer version of IP, known as IPv6 (also known as IP next
generation) which will upgrade the IPv4, and it is designed to replace the
current version (IPv4)
I.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Due to the rapid growth of Internet, limitations in its design
and the imminent IP address space limitations, in a few years the Internet will
face several problems such as conflict between IP addresses in the network.
In the early 1990s, people became aware of the rapidly
diminishing address space of IPv4, due also to this lack of IPv4 addresses with
the current addressing scheme, and there is not enough IP addresses available
to the future demand of device connectivity as the current version (IPv4) that
is expected that will be supported until at least 2025, there will be a point
when there will be lack of free addresses available for connecting to new
hosts. At that point, no more users can sign up for account at ISPs, and no
more machines can be set up to access the web.
As new technologies emerge, the market dominating vendors such
as Microsoft, Cisco are start going to set the IPv6. Computers and networks
hardware continue to evolve; they come with Network Interface Card incorporated
into that requires an IP address. For example IP telephony, IP scanners, IP
printers, etc.
Due to all those problems, this study motivates us to study
the evolution of IP and examine the efforts of IETF to propose a revision of
IP.
I.3 PROJET OBJECTIVES AND GOALS
The main project objectives and goals of our work are:
· To study the change from IPv4 to IPv6.
· The feasibility study of migrating from IPv4 to IPv6.
· To set up a LAN network running IPv4/IPv6.
· To analyze the Quality of Services (QoS) and the
performance of the next generation of Internet.
The aim of this study is to consider the ongoing evolutionary
process and lead us to view the Quality of Service (QoS) and the performance of
the existing system relative to the future system.
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